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The definition of sng: The expert consensus by the sng taxonomy Task force of the Taiwan sng Society.

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Title: The definition of sng: The expert consensus by the sng taxonomy Task force of the Taiwan sng Society.
Authors: Han DS; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Beihu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan., Lin JH; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Hung CH; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Huang S; Department of Foreign Languages and Literature, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Chen JY; Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Chiang YH; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Chiu HY; School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chou LW; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Asia University Hospital, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan., Hsieh CT; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan., Huang MC; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Huang WL; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan., Kang JH; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Lee HH; Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Lin CS; Department of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Lin CM; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan., Lin CP; Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan., Lin YT; Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Liu YC; Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Post-Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan., Ro LS; Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan., Shen CC; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Su LI; Graduate Institute of Linguistics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan., Su YJ; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Sun JM; Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan., Sung JY; Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Tsai RK; Institute of Eye Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan., Wang ML; Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan., Wen YR; Chun Chuan Orthopedic and Pain Specialty Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Weng HJ; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Wu MS; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Yu YW; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Hsieh ST; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan., Wang SJ; College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Sun WZ; Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Health Science & Wellness Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: wzsun@ntu.edu.tw., Chen CC; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: chih@ibms.sinica.edu.tw.
Source: Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi [J Formos Med Assoc] 2026 May; Vol. 125 (5), pp. 502-506. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Apr 25.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Review
Journal Info: Publisher: Formosan Medical Association, Elsevier Country of Publication: Singapore NLM ID: 9214933 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 0929-6646 (Print) Linking ISSN: 09296646 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Formos Med Assoc Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: The definition of sng: The expert consensus by the sng taxonomy Task force of the Taiwan sng Society.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Han+DS%22">Han DS</searchLink>; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Beihu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+JH%22">Lin JH</searchLink>; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hung+CH%22">Hung CH</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+S%22">Huang S</searchLink>; Department of Foreign Languages and Literature, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+JY%22">Chen JY</searchLink>; Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chiang+YH%22">Chiang YH</searchLink>; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chiu+HY%22">Chiu HY</searchLink>; School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chou+LW%22">Chou LW</searchLink>; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Asia University Hospital, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hsieh+CT%22">Hsieh CT</searchLink>; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+MC%22">Huang MC</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+WL%22">Huang WL</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kang+JH%22">Kang JH</searchLink>; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+HH%22">Lee HH</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+CS%22">Lin CS</searchLink>; Department of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+CM%22">Lin CM</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+CP%22">Lin CP</searchLink>; Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+YT%22">Lin YT</searchLink>; Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+YC%22">Liu YC</searchLink>; Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Post-Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ro+LS%22">Ro LS</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shen+CC%22">Shen CC</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Su+LI%22">Su LI</searchLink>; Graduate Institute of Linguistics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Su+YJ%22">Su YJ</searchLink>; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sun+JM%22">Sun JM</searchLink>; Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sung+JY%22">Sung JY</searchLink>; Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tsai+RK%22">Tsai RK</searchLink>; Institute of Eye Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+ML%22">Wang ML</searchLink>; Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wen+YR%22">Wen YR</searchLink>; Chun Chuan Orthopedic and Pain Specialty Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Weng+HJ%22">Weng HJ</searchLink>; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wu+MS%22">Wu MS</searchLink>; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yu+YW%22">Yu YW</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hsieh+ST%22">Hsieh ST</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+SJ%22">Wang SJ</searchLink>; College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sun+WZ%22">Sun WZ</searchLink>; Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Health Science & Wellness Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: wzsun@ntu.edu.tw.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+CC%22">Chen CC</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: chih@ibms.sinica.edu.tw.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%229214933%22">Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan yi zhi</searchLink> [J Formos Med Assoc] 2026 May; Vol. 125 (5), pp. 502-506. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2025 Apr 25.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Formosan+Medical+Association%2C+Elsevier%22">Formosan Medical Association, Elsevier </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>Singapore <i>NLM ID: </i>9214933 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>0929-6646 (Print) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2209296646%22">09296646 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>J Formos Med Assoc <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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