Patient characteristics associated with clinically coded long COVID: an OpenSAFELY study using electronic health records.

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Title: Patient characteristics associated with clinically coded long COVID: an OpenSAFELY study using electronic health records.
Authors: Wei Y; Centre for Mathematical Sciences, School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK y.wei3@exeter.ac.uk.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK., Horne EM; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK., Knight R; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK.; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK., Cezard G; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Walker AJ; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Fisher L; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Denholm R; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK.; Health Data Research UK South-West, Bristol, UK., Taylor K; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK., Walker V; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States., Riley S; Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK., Williams DM; MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London (UCL), London, UK., Willans R; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London, UK., Davy S; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Bacon S; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Goldacre B; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Mehrkar A; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Denaxas S; Institute of Health Informatics, UCL, London, UK.; British Heart Foundation Data Science Centre, Health Data Research, London, UK.; NIHR UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (UCLH BRC), London, UK.; UCL BHF Research Accelerator, UCL, London, UK., Greaves F; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London, UK.; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK., Silverwood RJ; Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, UCL, London, UK., Sheikh A; Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Chaturvedi N; MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London (UCL), London, UK., Wood AM; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK., Macleod J; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK., Steves C; Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK., Sterne J; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK.; Health Data Research UK South-West, Bristol, UK.
Corporate Authors: UK COVID-19 Longitudinal Health and Wellbeing National Core Study and CONVALESCENCE study
Source: BJGP open [BJGP Open] 2025 Dec 19; Vol. 9 (4). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 19 (Print Publication: 2025).
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Royal College of General Practitioners Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101713531 Publication Model: Electronic-Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2398-3795 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23983795 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BJGP Open Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wei+Y%22">Wei Y</searchLink>; Centre for Mathematical Sciences, School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK y.wei3@exeter.ac.uk.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Horne+EM%22">Horne EM</searchLink>; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Knight+R%22">Knight R</searchLink>; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK.; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cezard+G%22">Cezard G</searchLink>; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Walker+AJ%22">Walker AJ</searchLink>; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fisher+L%22">Fisher L</searchLink>; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Denholm+R%22">Denholm R</searchLink>; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK.; Health Data Research UK South-West, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Taylor+K%22">Taylor K</searchLink>; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Walker+V%22">Walker V</searchLink>; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Riley+S%22">Riley S</searchLink>; Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Williams+DM%22">Williams DM</searchLink>; MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London (UCL), London, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Willans+R%22">Willans R</searchLink>; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Davy+S%22">Davy S</searchLink>; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bacon+S%22">Bacon S</searchLink>; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Goldacre+B%22">Goldacre B</searchLink>; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mehrkar+A%22">Mehrkar A</searchLink>; The Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Denaxas+S%22">Denaxas S</searchLink>; Institute of Health Informatics, UCL, London, UK.; British Heart Foundation Data Science Centre, Health Data Research, London, UK.; NIHR UCL Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (UCLH BRC), London, UK.; UCL BHF Research Accelerator, UCL, London, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Greaves+F%22">Greaves F</searchLink>; National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London, UK.; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Silverwood+RJ%22">Silverwood RJ</searchLink>; Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, UCL, London, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sheikh+A%22">Sheikh A</searchLink>; Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chaturvedi+N%22">Chaturvedi N</searchLink>; MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London (UCL), London, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wood+AM%22">Wood AM</searchLink>; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Macleod+J%22">Macleod J</searchLink>; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; The National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration West at University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Steves+C%22">Steves C</searchLink>; Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sterne+J%22">Sterne J</searchLink>; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.; NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK.; Health Data Research UK South-West, Bristol, UK.
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