The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative provides a cohort for large-scale studies.

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Title: The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative provides a cohort for large-scale studies.
Authors: Yang HC; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. hsinchou@stat.sinica.edu.tw.; Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. hsinchou@stat.sinica.edu.tw., Kwok PY; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Pui.Kwok@ucsf.edu.; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, and Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Pui.Kwok@ucsf.edu., Li LH; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Liu YM; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Jong YJ; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Departments of Pediatrics and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan., Lee KY; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Wang DW; Institute of Information Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Tsai MF; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Yang JH; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen CH; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Yeh EC; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Wei CY; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.; Core Laboratory of Neoantigen Analysis for Personalized Cancer Vaccine, Office of R&D, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Fann CS; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Huang YT; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.; Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Mathematics, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen CW; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Lee YJ; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Chu SK; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, Taipei, Taiwan., Ho CH; Institute of European and American Studies, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Yang CS; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Lee YL; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen HH; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Hou MC; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chiou JF; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Yang SF; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Wang CH; Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.; Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taoyuan Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan., Huang CY; Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan., Chiu KM; Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan., Chen M; Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan., Chiang FT; Department of Cardiology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan., Lee SL; Department of Internal Medicine, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen SS; Division of Urology, Taipei City Hospital, Ren Ai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.; General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Yao WJ; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan., Chien CC; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Lin SY; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Chang FP; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Ho HL; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Yeh YC; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Tseng WC; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan., Lin MH; Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chang HT; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Tseng LM; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Liang WY; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen PC; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Hang JF; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Lin SC; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chan YJ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Center for Infection Control, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Kuo YJ; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Wang LC; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan., Pan CC; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Hsieh YC; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan., Chen YM; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan., Hsiao TH; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Lin CH; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Chen YJ; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Chen IC; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Mao CL; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Chang SJ; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Chang YL; Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Liao YJ; Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Lai CH; Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Lee WJ; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.; Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Tung H; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.; Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Yen TT; Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Yen HC; Division of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan., Shih CM; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Chou TY; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Pathology and Precision Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Liou TH; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Chiang CY; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Cherng YG; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen CH; Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan., Chiu CH; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Tseng SH; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Lin EP; Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Precision Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen YJ; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Chuang HP; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen TC; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Huang WT; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Sin J; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Liu IL; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen YC; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Chao KK; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Wu YM; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Yu PP; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Chang LP; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Yen KY; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Chang LC; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Sheen YJ; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan., Chen YT; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Kan K; Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Tsai HL; Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Wang YK; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Hou MF; Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Yang YH; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Kuo CH; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Wu WJ; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Huang JF; Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Chong IW; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Tsai JR; Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Cijin Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Division of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Lin CY; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan., Yu MC; Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (built and operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation) and Chang Gung University, New Taipei City, Taiwan., Lee TH; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan., Tsai MH; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Ou YC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan., Chen PY; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.; Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan., Hu TH; Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Shyu YC; Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan.; Bachelor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan., Cheng CK; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Fang YJ; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Yun-Lin, Taiwan., Hsieh SC; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen CH; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen CC; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan., Li KJ; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan., Lin CH; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan., Chiu HY; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan., Wu CC; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan., Chen CY; Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chu SJ; Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Liu FC; Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Yang FC; Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chang HA; Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen WL; Family Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Yang SS; Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Sung YF; Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Wang TF; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan., Lin SZ; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.; Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan., Wu YW; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan., Wu CS; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan., Jiang JY; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan., Ma GC; Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan., Chang TY; Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan., Hwang JJ; Department of Cardiology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan., Kao KJ; Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan., Hung CF; Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan., Chiu TF; Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Health and Welfare, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan., Chen PY; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.; Clinical Trial Center, Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan., Tsui K; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; Cathay General Hospital Department of Clinical Pathology, Taipei, Taiwan.; Cathay General Hospital Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan., Wu MS; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Pang ST; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan., Chen SA; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.; Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.; Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen WM; Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Chen CH; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan., Sheu WH; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.; Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan., Wu JY; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. jywu@ibms.sinica.edu.tw.
Source: Nature [Nature] 2025 Dec; Vol. 648 (8092), pp. 117-127. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Oct 15.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Info: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0410462 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-4687 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00280836 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nature Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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Items – Name: Title
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  Data: The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative provides a cohort for large-scale studies.
– Name: Author
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  Group: Au
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yang+HC%22">Yang HC</searchLink>; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. hsinchou@stat.sinica.edu.tw.; Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. hsinchou@stat.sinica.edu.tw.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kwok+PY%22">Kwok PY</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Pui.Kwok@ucsf.edu.; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, and Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Pui.Kwok@ucsf.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+LH%22">Li LH</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+YM%22">Liu YM</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jong+YJ%22">Jong YJ</searchLink>; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Departments of Pediatrics and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+KY%22">Lee KY</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+DW%22">Wang DW</searchLink>; Institute of Information Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tsai+MF%22">Tsai MF</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yang+JH%22">Yang JH</searchLink>; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+CH%22">Chen CH</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yeh+EC%22">Yeh EC</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wei+CY%22">Wei CY</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.; Core Laboratory of Neoantigen Analysis for Personalized Cancer Vaccine, Office of R&D, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fann+CS%22">Fann CS</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+YT%22">Huang YT</searchLink>; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.; Bioinformatics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Mathematics, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+CW%22">Chen CW</searchLink>; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+YJ%22">Lee YJ</searchLink>; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chu+SK%22">Chu SK</searchLink>; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ho+CH%22">Ho CH</searchLink>; Institute of European and American Studies, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yang+CS%22">Yang CS</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+YL%22">Lee YL</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+HH%22">Chen HH</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hou+MC%22">Hou MC</searchLink>; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chiou+JF%22">Chiou JF</searchLink>; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yang+SF%22">Yang SF</searchLink>; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+CH%22">Wang CH</searchLink>; Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.; Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taoyuan Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+CY%22">Huang CY</searchLink>; Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chiu+KM%22">Chiu KM</searchLink>; Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+M%22">Chen M</searchLink>; Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chiang+FT%22">Chiang FT</searchLink>; Department of Cardiology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+SL%22">Lee SL</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+SS%22">Chen SS</searchLink>; Division of Urology, Taipei City Hospital, Ren Ai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.; General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yao+WJ%22">Yao WJ</searchLink>; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chien+CC%22">Chien CC</searchLink>; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+SY%22">Lin SY</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+FP%22">Chang FP</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ho+HL%22">Ho HL</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yeh+YC%22">Yeh YC</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tseng+WC%22">Tseng WC</searchLink>; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+MH%22">Lin MH</searchLink>; Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+HT%22">Chang HT</searchLink>; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tseng+LM%22">Tseng LM</searchLink>; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liang+WY%22">Liang WY</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+PC%22">Chen PC</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hang+JF%22">Hang JF</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+SC%22">Lin SC</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chan+YJ%22">Chan YJ</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Center for Infection Control, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kuo+YJ%22">Kuo YJ</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+LC%22">Wang LC</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pan+CC%22">Pan CC</searchLink>; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hsieh+YC%22">Hsieh YC</searchLink>; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+YM%22">Chen YM</searchLink>; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hsiao+TH%22">Hsiao TH</searchLink>; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+CH%22">Lin CH</searchLink>; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+YJ%22">Chen YJ</searchLink>; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+IC%22">Chen IC</searchLink>; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mao+CL%22">Mao CL</searchLink>; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+SJ%22">Chang SJ</searchLink>; Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+YL%22">Chang YL</searchLink>; Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liao+YJ%22">Liao YJ</searchLink>; Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lai+CH%22">Lai CH</searchLink>; Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+WJ%22">Lee WJ</searchLink>; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.; Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tung+H%22">Tung H</searchLink>; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.; Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yen+TT%22">Yen TT</searchLink>; Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yen+HC%22">Yen HC</searchLink>; Division of Pediatric Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shih+CM%22">Shih CM</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chou+TY%22">Chou TY</searchLink>; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Pathology and Precision Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liou+TH%22">Liou TH</searchLink>; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chiang+CY%22">Chiang CY</searchLink>; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cherng+YG%22">Cherng YG</searchLink>; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+CH%22">Chen CH</searchLink>; Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chiu+CH%22">Chiu CH</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tseng+SH%22">Tseng SH</searchLink>; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+EP%22">Lin EP</searchLink>; Division of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Thoracic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Precision Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+YJ%22">Chen YJ</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chuang+HP%22">Chuang HP</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+TC%22">Chen TC</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+WT%22">Huang WT</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sin+J%22">Sin J</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+IL%22">Liu IL</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+YC%22">Chen YC</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chao+KK%22">Chao KK</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wu+YM%22">Wu YM</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yu+PP%22">Yu PP</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+LP%22">Chang LP</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yen+KY%22">Yen KY</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+LC%22">Chang LC</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sheen+YJ%22">Sheen YJ</searchLink>; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+YT%22">Chen YT</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kan+K%22">Kan K</searchLink>; Institute of Economics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tsai+HL%22">Tsai HL</searchLink>; Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+YK%22">Wang YK</searchLink>; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hou+MF%22">Hou MF</searchLink>; Division of Breast Oncology and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yang+YH%22">Yang YH</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kuo+CH%22">Kuo CH</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wu+WJ%22">Wu WJ</searchLink>; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+JF%22">Huang JF</searchLink>; Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chong+IW%22">Chong IW</searchLink>; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tsai+JR%22">Tsai JR</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Cijin Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Division of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+CY%22">Lin CY</searchLink>; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yu+MC%22">Yu MC</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital (built and operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation) and Chang Gung University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+TH%22">Lee TH</searchLink>; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tsai+MH%22">Tsai MH</searchLink>; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.; Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ou+YC%22">Ou YC</searchLink>; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+PY%22">Chen PY</searchLink>; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.; Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hu+TH%22">Hu TH</searchLink>; Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shyu+YC%22">Shyu YC</searchLink>; Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung, Taiwan.; Bachelor Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cheng+CK%22">Cheng CK</searchLink>; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fang+YJ%22">Fang YJ</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Yun-Lin, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hsieh+SC%22">Hsieh SC</searchLink>; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+CH%22">Chen CH</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+CC%22">Chen CC</searchLink>; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+KJ%22">Li KJ</searchLink>; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+CH%22">Lin CH</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chiu+HY%22">Chiu HY</searchLink>; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wu+CC%22">Wu CC</searchLink>; Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+CY%22">Chen CY</searchLink>; Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chu+SJ%22">Chu SJ</searchLink>; Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+FC%22">Liu FC</searchLink>; Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yang+FC%22">Yang FC</searchLink>; Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+HA%22">Chang HA</searchLink>; Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+WL%22">Chen WL</searchLink>; Family Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yang+SS%22">Yang SS</searchLink>; Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sung+YF%22">Sung YF</searchLink>; Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+TF%22">Wang TF</searchLink>; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lin+SZ%22">Lin SZ</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.; Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wu+YW%22">Wu YW</searchLink>; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wu+CS%22">Wu CS</searchLink>; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jiang+JY%22">Jiang JY</searchLink>; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ma+GC%22">Ma GC</searchLink>; Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+TY%22">Chang TY</searchLink>; Department of Genomic Medicine and Center for Medical Genetics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hwang+JJ%22">Hwang JJ</searchLink>; Department of Cardiology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kao+KJ%22">Kao KJ</searchLink>; Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hung+CF%22">Hung CF</searchLink>; Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chiu+TF%22">Chiu TF</searchLink>; Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.; Department of Health and Welfare, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+PY%22">Chen PY</searchLink>; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.; Clinical Trial Center, Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tsui+K%22">Tsui K</searchLink>; School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.; Cathay General Hospital Department of Clinical Pathology, Taipei, Taiwan.; Cathay General Hospital Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wu+MS%22">Wu MS</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pang+ST%22">Pang ST</searchLink>; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.; Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+SA%22">Chen SA</searchLink>; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.; Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.; Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+WM%22">Chen WM</searchLink>; Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chen+CH%22">Chen CH</searchLink>; Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sheu+WH%22">Sheu WH</searchLink>; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.; Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wu+JY%22">Wu JY</searchLink>; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. jywu@ibms.sinica.edu.tw.
– Name: TitleSource
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%220410462%22">Nature</searchLink> [Nature] 2025 Dec; Vol. 648 (8092), pp. 117-127. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2025 Oct 15.
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  Label: Publication Type
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  Data: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Nature+Publishing+Group%22">Nature Publishing Group </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>0410462 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1476-4687 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2200280836%22">00280836 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Nature <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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      – TitleFull: The Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative provides a cohort for large-scale studies.
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Huang CY
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Chen M
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Chiang FT
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Chen SS
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Yao WJ
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Chien CC
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Lin SY
      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chen PY
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hu TH
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Cheng CK
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Fang YJ
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hsieh SC
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chen CH
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chen CC
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Li KJ
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Lin CH
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chiu HY
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wu CC
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chen CY
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chu SJ
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Liu FC
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Yang FC
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chang HA
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chen WL
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Yang SS
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wang TF
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Lin SZ
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wu YW
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wu CS
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Jiang JY
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Ma GC
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chang TY
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Hwang JJ
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Kao KJ
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Hung CF
      – PersonEntity:
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            NameFull: Chiu TF
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chen PY
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Tsui K
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wu MS
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Pang ST
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chen SA
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chen WM
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Chen CH
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Sheu WH
      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Wu JY
    IsPartOfRelationships:
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 12
              Text: 2025 Dec
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1476-4687
          Numbering:
            – Type: volume
              Value: 648
            – Type: issue
              Value: 8092
          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Nature
              Type: main
ResultId 1