Moderate-high efficacy disease-modifying therapies reduce relapse risk in late-onset multiple sclerosis.

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Title: Moderate-high efficacy disease-modifying therapies reduce relapse risk in late-onset multiple sclerosis.
Authors: Foong YC; University of Tasmania Menzies Institute for Medical Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.; Neurology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia., Merlo D; Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia., Gresle M; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia., Buzzard K; Department of Neurology, Box Hill Hospital, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia., Horakova D; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic., Havrdova EK; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic., Kalincik T; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Roos I; Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia., Hodgkinson S; Departments of Nephrology and Neurology, Liverpool Hospital, Chipping Norton, New South Wales, Australia.; Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia., Lechner-Scott J; The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia., Lugaresi A; UOSI Riabilitazione Sclerosi Multipla, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Weinstock-Guttman B; Neurology, Jacobs Comprehensive MS Treatment and Research Center, Buffalo, New York, USA., Ozakbas S; Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey., Surcinelli A; Department of Neuroscience, S Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy., Foschi M; Neurology Unit, Ospedale S.Maria delle Croci, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy., Boz C; Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey., Khoury SJ; Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.; American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon., Yamout B; Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.; Neurology Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon., Laureys G; Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Gent, Belgium., Blanco Y; Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Center for Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology Barcelona, ES, Barcelona, Spain., Skibina O; Neurosciences, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Kuhle J; Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland., John N; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.; Department of Neurology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia., Alroughani R; Amiri Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait., Prevost J; Centre integre de sante et de services sociaux des Laurentides point de service de Saint-Jerome, Saint-Jerome, Québec, Canada., Van Pesch V; Neurology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium., Tomassini V; Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate Biomediche (ITAB), Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Imaging e Scienze Cliniche; Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Clinica Neurologica, Ospedale SS Annunziata, Università degli Studi Gabriele d'Annunzio Chieti Pescara, Chieti, Italy.; Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Wales; Helen Durham Centre for Neuroinflammation, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK., Prat A; Hôpital Notre Dame, CHUM and Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada., Girard M; Hopital Notre Dame, Montreal, Québec, Canada., Terzi M; Ondokuz Mayis Üniversitesi, Samsun, Turkey., Shaygannejad V; Neurology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, The Islamic Republic of Iran., Ampapa R; Nemocnice Jihlava, Jihlava, Czech Republic., Gray O; Department of Neurology, Craigavon Area Hospital, Portadown, UK., Etemadifar M; Isfahan Multiple Sclerosis Society, Isfahan, The Islamic Republic of Iran., Guimarães J; Neurology Department, Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal., McCombe PA; UQCCR, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., Gerlach O; Department of Neurology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, The Netherlands, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands., Solaro C; Department of Head and Neck Neurology, ASL3 Genovese, Genova, Italy., Butzkueven H; Department of Neuroscience, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Zhu C; Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., van der Walt A; Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia anneke.vanderwalt@monash.edu.; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Study Group M; The Alfred, Melbourne, Québec, Australia.
Source: Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry [J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry] 2025 Dec 12; Vol. 97 (1), pp. 50-58. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 12.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Multicenter Study
Journal Info: Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 2985191R Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1468-330X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00223050 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Moderate-high efficacy disease-modifying therapies reduce relapse risk in late-onset multiple sclerosis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Foong+YC%22">Foong YC</searchLink>; University of Tasmania Menzies Institute for Medical Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.; Neurology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Merlo+D%22">Merlo D</searchLink>; Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gresle+M%22">Gresle M</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Buzzard+K%22">Buzzard K</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, Box Hill Hospital, Box Hill, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Horakova+D%22">Horakova D</searchLink>; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Havrdova+EK%22">Havrdova EK</searchLink>; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kalincik+T%22">Kalincik T</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Roos+I%22">Roos I</searchLink>; Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hodgkinson+S%22">Hodgkinson S</searchLink>; Departments of Nephrology and Neurology, Liverpool Hospital, Chipping Norton, New South Wales, Australia.; Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lechner-Scott+J%22">Lechner-Scott J</searchLink>; The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lugaresi+A%22">Lugaresi A</searchLink>; UOSI Riabilitazione Sclerosi Multipla, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Weinstock-Guttman+B%22">Weinstock-Guttman B</searchLink>; Neurology, Jacobs Comprehensive MS Treatment and Research Center, Buffalo, New York, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ozakbas+S%22">Ozakbas S</searchLink>; Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Surcinelli+A%22">Surcinelli A</searchLink>; Department of Neuroscience, S Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Foschi+M%22">Foschi M</searchLink>; Neurology Unit, Ospedale S.Maria delle Croci, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Boz+C%22">Boz C</searchLink>; Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Khoury+SJ%22">Khoury SJ</searchLink>; Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.; American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yamout+B%22">Yamout B</searchLink>; Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.; Neurology Department, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Laureys+G%22">Laureys G</searchLink>; Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent, Gent, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Blanco+Y%22">Blanco Y</searchLink>; Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Center for Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology Barcelona, ES, Barcelona, Spain.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Skibina+O%22">Skibina O</searchLink>; Neurosciences, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kuhle+J%22">Kuhle J</searchLink>; Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22John+N%22">John N</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.; Department of Neurology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Alroughani+R%22">Alroughani R</searchLink>; Amiri Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Prevost+J%22">Prevost J</searchLink>; Centre integre de sante et de services sociaux des Laurentides point de service de Saint-Jerome, Saint-Jerome, Québec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Van+Pesch+V%22">Van Pesch V</searchLink>; Neurology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tomassini+V%22">Tomassini V</searchLink>; Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate Biomediche (ITAB), Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Imaging e Scienze Cliniche; Centro Sclerosi Multipla, Clinica Neurologica, Ospedale SS Annunziata, Università degli Studi Gabriele d'Annunzio Chieti Pescara, Chieti, Italy.; Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Wales; Helen Durham Centre for Neuroinflammation, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Prat+A%22">Prat A</searchLink>; Hôpital Notre Dame, CHUM and Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Girard+M%22">Girard M</searchLink>; Hopital Notre Dame, Montreal, Québec, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Terzi+M%22">Terzi M</searchLink>; Ondokuz Mayis Üniversitesi, Samsun, Turkey.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shaygannejad+V%22">Shaygannejad V</searchLink>; Neurology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, The Islamic Republic of Iran.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ampapa+R%22">Ampapa R</searchLink>; Nemocnice Jihlava, Jihlava, Czech Republic.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gray+O%22">Gray O</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, Craigavon Area Hospital, Portadown, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Etemadifar+M%22">Etemadifar M</searchLink>; Isfahan Multiple Sclerosis Society, Isfahan, The Islamic Republic of Iran.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Guimarães+J%22">Guimarães J</searchLink>; Neurology Department, Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22McCombe+PA%22">McCombe PA</searchLink>; UQCCR, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gerlach+O%22">Gerlach O</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, The Netherlands, Sittard-Geleen, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Solaro+C%22">Solaro C</searchLink>; Department of Head and Neck Neurology, ASL3 Genovese, Genova, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Butzkueven+H%22">Butzkueven H</searchLink>; Department of Neuroscience, Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhu+C%22">Zhu C</searchLink>; Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+der+Walt+A%22">van der Walt A</searchLink>; Monash University Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia anneke.vanderwalt@monash.edu.; Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Study+Group+M%22">Study Group M</searchLink>; The Alfred, Melbourne, Québec, Australia.
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