Social Determinants of Health and Pediatric Long COVID in the US.

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Title: Social Determinants of Health and Pediatric Long COVID in the US.
Authors: Rhee KE; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child and Community Health, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego., Thaweethai T; Massachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Boston.; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Pant DB; Massachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Boston., Stein CR; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Salisbury AL; School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond., Kinser PA; School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond., Kleinman LC; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Population Health, Quality, and Implementation Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey.; Bristol Myers Squibb Children's Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Gallagher R; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Child Study Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Warburton D; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles., Mohandas S; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles., Snowden JN; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock., Stockwell MS; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.; Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health; New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York., Tantisira KG; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego., Flaherman VJ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco., Teufel RJ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego., Castro L; Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Study, New York, New York., Chung A; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Espinoza Esparza J; School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond., Hockett CW; Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.; Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls., Isidoro-Chino M; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Krishnan A; New York Medical College, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla., McCormack LA; Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.; Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls., Nabower AM; Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center and Children's Nebraska, Omaha., Nahin ER; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Rosas JM; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Siddiqui S; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles., Szmuszkovicz JR; Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California., Vangeepuram N; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York., Zimmerman E; Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts., Brown HE; Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Study, New York, New York., Carmilani M; Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Study, New York, New York.; Long Covid Families, Charlotte, North Carolina., Coombs K; Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Study, New York, New York.; Vermont Center for Independent Living, Montpelier., Fisher L; Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Study, New York, New York., Witvliet MG; Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Study, New York, New York., Wood JC; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles., Milner JD; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York., Rosenzweig EB; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York., Irby K; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock., Karlson EW; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.; Massachusetts General Brigham, Boston., Qian Z; Massachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Boston., Lamendola-Essel MF; Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Hasson DC; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Katz SD; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Yin HS; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York.; Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Foulkes AS; Massachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Boston.; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts., Gross RS; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York.; Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York., Aschner JL; Department of Pediatrics, Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey., Atz AM; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina., Banerjee D; Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri., Bogie A; Department of Pediatrics, Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Oklahoma City., Bukulmez H; MetroHealth System, Cleveland, Ohio., Clouser K; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey., Cottrell LA; Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University, Morgantown., Cowan K; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, University of Vermont, Burlington., D'Sa VA; Department of Pediatrics, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence., Dozor AJ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Boston Children's Health Physicians, New York Medical College, Valhalla., Elliott AJ; Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota., Faustino EVS; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut., Fiks AG; Department of Pediatrics, Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia., Gaur S; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey., Gennaro ML; Department of Public Health, Medicine, Immunology, Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark., Gordon ST; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Clinical Trials Unit, Baton Rouge, Louisiana., Hasan UN; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, New Jersey., Hester CM; DARTNet Institute, Aurora, Colorado., Hogan AH; Department of Pediatrics, Connecticut Children's, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford., Hsia DS; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Clinical Trials Unit, Baton Rouge, Louisiana., Kaelber DC; Departments of Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, and Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, MetroHealth System, Cleveland, Ohio., Kosut JS; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hospitalist, University of Hawaii, John A Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu., Krishnan S; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Boston Children's Health Physicians, New York Medical College, Valhalla., McCulloh RJ; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha., Michelow IC; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Connecticut Children's, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford., Nolan SM; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Health Physicians, New York Medical College, Valhalla., Oliveira CR; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut., Pace WD; DARTNet Institute, Aurora, Colorado., Palumbo P; Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire., Raissy H; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque., Reyes A; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey., Ross JL; Department of Pediatrics, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware., Salazar JC; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Connecticut Children's, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford., Selvarangan R; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics, Kansas City, Missouri., Stevenson MD; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Norton Children's Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky., Werzberger A; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Best Healthcare, Monroe, New York., Westfall JM; DARTNet Institute, Aurora, Colorado., Zani K; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock., Zempsky WT; Department of Pediatrics, Connecticut Children's, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford., Chan J; Massachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Boston., Metz TD; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City., Newburger JW; Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Truong DT; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia., Feldman CH; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Aupperle R; Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma., Baker FC; Center for Health Sciences, Stanford Research Institute International, Menlo Park, California., Banich MT; Institute of Cognitive Science and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder., Barch DM; Departments of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Psychiatry, and Radiology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri., Baskin-Sommers A; Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut., Bjork JM; Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond., Dapretto M; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles., Brown SA; Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego., Casey BJ; Department of Psychology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York., Chang L; Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore., Clark DB; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania., Dale AM; Departments of Neurosciences, Radiology, and Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego., Ernst TM; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles., Fair DA; Institute of Child Development, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland., Feldstein Ewing SW; Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston., Foxe JJ; Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York., Freedman EG; Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York., Friedman NP; Institute for Behavioral Genetics and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder., Garavan H; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington., Gee DG; Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut., Gonzalez R; Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami., Gray KM; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Addiction Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston., Heitzeg MM; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor., Herting MM; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles., Jacobus J; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego., Laird AR; Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami., Larson CL; Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee., Lisdahl KM; Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee., Luciana M; Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis., Luna B; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania., Madden PAF; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri., McGlade EC; Department of Psychiatry , University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City.; Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Salt Lake City Veterans Affair Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah., Müller-Oehring EM; Center for Health Sciences, Stanford Research Institute International, Menlo Park, California., Nagel BJ; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland., Neale MC; Virginia Institute for Psychiatric & Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond., Paulus MP; Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, Oklahoma., Potter AS; Department of Psychiatry, Division of Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Vermont, Burlington., Renshaw PF; Department of Psychiatry , University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City.; Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Salt Lake City Veterans Affair Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah., Sowell ER; Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles., Squeglia LM; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Addiction Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston., Uddin LQ; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles., Wilson S; Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minnesota., Yurgelun-Todd DA; Department of Psychiatry , University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City.; Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Salt Lake City Veterans Affair Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Corporate Authors: RECOVER-Pediatrics Group; and the ABCD-RECOVER Group; for the RECOVER-Pediatrics Consortium
Source: JAMA pediatrics [JAMA Pediatr] 2026 Mar 01; Vol. 180 (3), pp. 275-287.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Multicenter Study
Journal Info: Publisher: American Medical Association Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101589544 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2168-6211 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 21686203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: JAMA Pediatr Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
Description
ISSN:2168-6211
DOI:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.5485