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Structural brain differences associated with panic disorder: an ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group mega-analysis of 4924 individuals worldwide.

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Title: Structural brain differences associated with panic disorder: an ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group mega-analysis of 4924 individuals worldwide.
Authors: Han LKM; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. l.han@amsterdamumc.nl.; Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia. l.han@amsterdamumc.nl.; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands. l.han@amsterdamumc.nl.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands. l.han@amsterdamumc.nl., Bruin WB; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Institute of Education & Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands., Bas-Hoogendam JM; Developmental & Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands., Groenewold NA; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Hilbert K; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Department of Psychology, HMU Health and Medical University Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany., Winkler AM; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA.; National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Zugman A; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, Bethesda, USA., Asami T; Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan., Barber JP; Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA.; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Benedetti F; Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy., Blair RJR; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Böhnlein J; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.; Clinical Psychology and Translational Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Brambilla P; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy., Breuer F; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Buckner RL; Department of Psychology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA., Bülow R; Institute for diagnostic radiology and neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany., Calkins ME; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Chechko N; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine: JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship (INM 10), Jülich, Germany., Dannlowski U; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Dohm K; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Domschke K; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany., Dresler T; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, 72072, Tuebingen, Germany.; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany., Erhardt-Lehmann A; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany., Fonzo GA; Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, US., Forstner AJ; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany.; Centre for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany., Grabe HJ; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany., Grotegerd D; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Gur RE; Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment & Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI) at Penn & CHOP, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Gur RC; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Harmer C; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Oxford Health NHS Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK., Hofmann D; University of Münster, Münster, Germany., van den Heuvel OA; Amsterdam UMC, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Jahanshad N; Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA., Kircher TTJ; Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany., Koch K; Department of General Psychiatry, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany., Laansma MA; Amsterdam UMC, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Langhammer T; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Lee SH; Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea., Leehr EJ; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Maggioni E; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.; Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy., Marino CE; The Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA., Meinert S; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.; Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Meinert H; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Milrod B; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA., Mwangi B; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, Houston, MD, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA., Nielsen JA; Department of Psychology & Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.; Center for Brain Science & Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA., Ohrmann P; University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Pantazatos SP; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA., Paulus MP; Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.; University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, US., Penninx BWJH; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Poletti S; IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy., Reinecke A; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Oxford Health NHS Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK., Ridderbusch IC; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany., Rjabtsenkov P; The Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA., Sämann PG; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany., Satterthwaite TD; Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Penn-CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Schmaal L; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.; Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia., Schrammen E; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Soares JC; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, Houston, MD, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA., Solomonov N; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Stein MB; Department of Psychiatry and School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, US., Straube B; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany., Straube T; Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Suarez-Jimenez B; The Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.; University of Rochester, Center for Visual Sciences, Rochester, NY, USA., Smoller JW; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA., Talati A; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA., Thomopoulos SI; Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA., Vazquez CE; The Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA., Völzke H; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany., Wittfeld K; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany., Wu MJ; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, Houston, MD, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA., Yang Y; Department of Experimental Psychopathology, Institute of Psychology, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany., Zunta Soares GB; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, Houston, MD, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA., Lueken U; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Thompson PM; Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA., Pine DS; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, Bethesda, USA., Stein DJ; SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., van der Wee NJA; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands., Veltman DJ; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Aghajani M; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands. m.aghajani@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.; Institute of Education & Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands. m.aghajani@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.
Source: Molecular psychiatry [Mol Psychiatry] 2026 May; Vol. 31 (5), pp. 2402-2417. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jan 13.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Specialist Journals Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9607835 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-5578 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 13594184 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Mol Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Structural brain differences associated with panic disorder: an ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group mega-analysis of 4924 individuals worldwide.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Han+LKM%22">Han LKM</searchLink>; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. l.han@amsterdamumc.nl.; Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia. l.han@amsterdamumc.nl.; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands. l.han@amsterdamumc.nl.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands. l.han@amsterdamumc.nl.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bruin+WB%22">Bruin WB</searchLink>; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Institute of Education & Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bas-Hoogendam+JM%22">Bas-Hoogendam JM</searchLink>; Developmental & Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Groenewold+NA%22">Groenewold NA</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hilbert+K%22">Hilbert K</searchLink>; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Department of Psychology, HMU Health and Medical University Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Winkler+AM%22">Winkler AM</searchLink>; Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA.; National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zugman+A%22">Zugman A</searchLink>; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, Bethesda, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Asami+T%22">Asami T</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Barber+JP%22">Barber JP</searchLink>; Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA.; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Benedetti+F%22">Benedetti F</searchLink>; Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Blair+RJR%22">Blair RJR</searchLink>; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Böhnlein+J%22">Böhnlein J</searchLink>; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.; Clinical Psychology and Translational Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Brambilla+P%22">Brambilla P</searchLink>; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Breuer+F%22">Breuer F</searchLink>; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Buckner+RL%22">Buckner RL</searchLink>; Department of Psychology and Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bülow+R%22">Bülow R</searchLink>; Institute for diagnostic radiology and neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475, Greifswald, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Calkins+ME%22">Calkins ME</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chechko+N%22">Chechko N</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine: JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship (INM 10), Jülich, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Dannlowski+U%22">Dannlowski U</searchLink>; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Dohm+K%22">Dohm K</searchLink>; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Domschke+K%22">Domschke K</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Dresler+T%22">Dresler T</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tuebingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tuebingen, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, 72072, Tuebingen, Germany.; German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), partner site Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Erhardt-Lehmann+A%22">Erhardt-Lehmann A</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fonzo+GA%22">Fonzo GA</searchLink>; Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, US.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Forstner+AJ%22">Forstner AJ</searchLink>; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany.; Centre for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Grabe+HJ%22">Grabe HJ</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Grotegerd+D%22">Grotegerd D</searchLink>; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gur+RE%22">Gur RE</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Neurodevelopment & Psychosis Section, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Lifespan Brain Institute (LiBI) at Penn & CHOP, Philadelphia, PA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gur+RC%22">Gur RC</searchLink>; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Harmer+C%22">Harmer C</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Oxford Health NHS Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hofmann+D%22">Hofmann D</searchLink>; University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+den+Heuvel+OA%22">van den Heuvel OA</searchLink>; Amsterdam UMC, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Compulsivity Impulsivity & Attention program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jahanshad+N%22">Jahanshad N</searchLink>; Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kircher+TTJ%22">Kircher TTJ</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Koch+K%22">Koch K</searchLink>; Department of General Psychiatry, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Laansma+MA%22">Laansma MA</searchLink>; Amsterdam UMC, Department of Psychiatry, Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Langhammer+T%22">Langhammer T</searchLink>; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+SH%22">Lee SH</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Leehr+EJ%22">Leehr EJ</searchLink>; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Maggioni+E%22">Maggioni E</searchLink>; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.; Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Marino+CE%22">Marino CE</searchLink>; The Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Meinert+S%22">Meinert S</searchLink>; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.; Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Meinert+H%22">Meinert H</searchLink>; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Milrod+B%22">Milrod B</searchLink>; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mwangi+B%22">Mwangi B</searchLink>; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, Houston, MD, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nielsen+JA%22">Nielsen JA</searchLink>; Department of Psychology & Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.; Center for Brain Science & Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ohrmann+P%22">Ohrmann P</searchLink>; University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pantazatos+SP%22">Pantazatos SP</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Paulus+MP%22">Paulus MP</searchLink>; Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.; University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, US.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Penninx+BWJH%22">Penninx BWJH</searchLink>; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands.; Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Poletti+S%22">Poletti S</searchLink>; IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Reinecke+A%22">Reinecke A</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Oxford Health NHS Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ridderbusch+IC%22">Ridderbusch IC</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rjabtsenkov+P%22">Rjabtsenkov P</searchLink>; The Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sämann+PG%22">Sämann PG</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Satterthwaite+TD%22">Satterthwaite TD</searchLink>; Penn Lifespan Informatics and Neuroimaging Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Penn-CHOP Lifespan Brain Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schmaal+L%22">Schmaal L</searchLink>; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.; Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schrammen+E%22">Schrammen E</searchLink>; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Soares+JC%22">Soares JC</searchLink>; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, Houston, MD, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Solomonov+N%22">Solomonov N</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Stein+MB%22">Stein MB</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, US.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Straube+B%22">Straube B</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Straube+T%22">Straube T</searchLink>; Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Suarez-Jimenez+B%22">Suarez-Jimenez B</searchLink>; The Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.; University of Rochester, Center for Visual Sciences, Rochester, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Smoller+JW%22">Smoller JW</searchLink>; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.; Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Talati+A%22">Talati A</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Thomopoulos+SI%22">Thomopoulos SI</searchLink>; Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Vazquez+CE%22">Vazquez CE</searchLink>; The Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Völzke+H%22">Völzke H</searchLink>; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wittfeld+K%22">Wittfeld K</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wu+MJ%22">Wu MJ</searchLink>; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, Houston, MD, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yang+Y%22">Yang Y</searchLink>; Department of Experimental Psychopathology, Institute of Psychology, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zunta+Soares+GB%22">Zunta Soares GB</searchLink>; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, Houston, MD, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lueken+U%22">Lueken U</searchLink>; Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Thompson+PM%22">Thompson PM</searchLink>; Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pine+DS%22">Pine DS</searchLink>; National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, Bethesda, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Stein+DJ%22">Stein DJ</searchLink>; SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+der+Wee+NJA%22">van der Wee NJA</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Veltman+DJ%22">Veltman DJ</searchLink>; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Aghajani+M%22">Aghajani M</searchLink>; Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands. m.aghajani@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.; Institute of Education & Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands. m.aghajani@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%229607835%22">Molecular psychiatry</searchLink> [Mol Psychiatry] 2026 May; Vol. 31 (5), pp. 2402-2417. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Jan 13.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Nature+Publishing+Group+Specialist+Journals%22">Nature Publishing Group Specialist Journals </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>9607835 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1476-5578 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2213594184%22">13594184 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Mol Psychiatry <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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