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Paleo-proteomic analysis of Iron Age dental calculus provides direct evidence of Scythian reliance on ruminant dairy.

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Title: Paleo-proteomic analysis of Iron Age dental calculus provides direct evidence of Scythian reliance on ruminant dairy.
Authors: Pecnik J; Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland., Ventresca Miller AR; Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.; University of Michigan Museum of Anthropological Archaeology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.; Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany., Panse C; Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland., Kunz L; Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Dittmann A; Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Johnson JA; Department of Anthropology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America., Makhortykh S; Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine., Litvinova L; Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine., Andrukh S; Zaporizhzhya National University, Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine., Toschev G; Zaporizhzhya National University, Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine., Krützen M; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Schuenemann VJ; Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Wilkin S; Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany.; Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Source: PloS one [PLoS One] 2026 Jan 21; Vol. 21 (1), pp. e0339464. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jan 21 (Print Publication: 2026).
Publication Type: Journal Article; Historical Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Paleo-proteomic analysis of Iron Age dental calculus provides direct evidence of Scythian reliance on ruminant dairy.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pecnik+J%22">Pecnik J</searchLink>; Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ventresca+Miller+AR%22">Ventresca Miller AR</searchLink>; Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.; University of Michigan Museum of Anthropological Archaeology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.; Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Panse+C%22">Panse C</searchLink>; Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kunz+L%22">Kunz L</searchLink>; Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Dittmann+A%22">Dittmann A</searchLink>; Functional Genomics Centre Zurich (FGCZ), ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Johnson+JA%22">Johnson JA</searchLink>; Department of Anthropology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Makhortykh+S%22">Makhortykh S</searchLink>; Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Litvinova+L%22">Litvinova L</searchLink>; Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Andrukh+S%22">Andrukh S</searchLink>; Zaporizhzhya National University, Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Toschev+G%22">Toschev G</searchLink>; Zaporizhzhya National University, Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Krützen+M%22">Krützen M</searchLink>; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schuenemann+VJ%22">Schuenemann VJ</searchLink>; Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.; Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wilkin+S%22">Wilkin S</searchLink>; Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.; Department of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany.; Australian Research Centre for Human Evolution, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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