Susceptibility to systemic autoimmunity rather than the presence of the HLA-DR4 peptide binding domain alone leads to severe inflammatory arthritis following inhalation of crystalline silica. - Janssen LMF; de Ocampo C; Kono DH; Ronsmans S; Ghosh M; Hoet PHM; Pollard KM; Mayeux JM (Particle and fibre toxicology, 2026)