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Examining the factor structure of the 40-item Defense Style Questionnaire among adults with depression: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

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Title: Examining the factor structure of the 40-item Defense Style Questionnaire among adults with depression: an individual participant data meta-analysis.
Authors: Wienicke FJ; Department of Clinical Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen., Burk WJ; Department of Developmental Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen., Heinonen E; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki., Lindfors O; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki., Härkänen T; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki., Knekt P; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki., Sarvasmaa S; Helsinki University Hospital., Dias de Mattos Souza L; Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas., Jansen K; Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas., Azevedo da Silva R; Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas., Nobre Dos Santos É; Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas., Dekker JJM; Department of Research, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam; Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam., Peen J; Department of Research, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam., Van HL; NPI, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam., Perry JC; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Institute of Community & Family Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal., Van der Veld WM; Department of Developmental Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen., Soares E; Department of Clinical Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen., Spijker J; Department of Clinical Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen; Depression Expertise Center, Pro Persona Mental Health Care, Nijmegen., Driessen E; Department of Clinical Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen; Depression Expertise Center, Pro Persona Mental Health Care, Nijmegen.
Source: Research in psychotherapy (Milano) [Res Psychother] 2026 Apr 30; Vol. 29 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Feb 16.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: PagePress Country of Publication: Italy NLM ID: 101684638 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2239-8031 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22398031 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Res Psychother Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Examining the factor structure of the 40-item Defense Style Questionnaire among adults with depression: an individual participant data meta-analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wienicke+FJ%22">Wienicke FJ</searchLink>; Department of Clinical Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Burk+WJ%22">Burk WJ</searchLink>; Department of Developmental Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Heinonen+E%22">Heinonen E</searchLink>; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lindfors+O%22">Lindfors O</searchLink>; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Härkänen+T%22">Härkänen T</searchLink>; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Knekt+P%22">Knekt P</searchLink>; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sarvasmaa+S%22">Sarvasmaa S</searchLink>; Helsinki University Hospital.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Dias+de+Mattos+Souza+L%22">Dias de Mattos Souza L</searchLink>; Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jansen+K%22">Jansen K</searchLink>; Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Azevedo+da+Silva+R%22">Azevedo da Silva R</searchLink>; Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nobre+Dos+Santos+É%22">Nobre Dos Santos É</searchLink>; Department of Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Dekker+JJM%22">Dekker JJM</searchLink>; Department of Research, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam; Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Peen+J%22">Peen J</searchLink>; Department of Research, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Van+HL%22">Van HL</searchLink>; NPI, Arkin Mental Health Care, Amsterdam.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Perry+JC%22">Perry JC</searchLink>; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Institute of Community & Family Psychiatry, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Van+der+Veld+WM%22">Van der Veld WM</searchLink>; Department of Developmental Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Soares+E%22">Soares E</searchLink>; Department of Clinical Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Spijker+J%22">Spijker J</searchLink>; Department of Clinical Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen; Depression Expertise Center, Pro Persona Mental Health Care, Nijmegen.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Driessen+E%22">Driessen E</searchLink>; Department of Clinical Psychology, Behavioral Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen; Depression Expertise Center, Pro Persona Mental Health Care, Nijmegen.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101684638%22">Research in psychotherapy (Milano)</searchLink> [Res Psychother] 2026 Apr 30; Vol. 29 (1). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Feb 16.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22PagePress%22">PagePress </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>Italy <i>NLM ID: </i>101684638 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>2239-8031 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2222398031%22">22398031 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Res Psychother <i>Subsets: </i>PubMed not MEDLINE
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