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A large mass grave from the Early Iron Age indicates selective violence towards women and children in the Carpathian Basin.

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Title: A large mass grave from the Early Iron Age indicates selective violence towards women and children in the Carpathian Basin.
Authors: Fibiger L; School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. linda.fibiger@ed.ac.uk., Iraeta-Orbegozo M; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. orbegozo@sund.ku.dk.; School of Archaeology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. orbegozo@sund.ku.dk.; School of Archaeology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. orbegozo@sund.ku.dk., Koledin J; Museum of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia., Laffoon JE; Department of Archaeological Sciences, Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands., Makarewicz CA; Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany., Mylopotamitaki D; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Chaire de Paléoanthropologie, CIRB, Collège de France, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France., Bruyere C; School of Archaeology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Booth T; The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK., Bronk Ramsey C; Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Layfield R; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK., Anchieri L; Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland., Huang Y; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Kjær Knudsen A; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Niemann J; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Radmanović D; Museum of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia., Oldham NJ; School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK., Shaw B; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK., Tracy S; School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Nylund S; Sara Nylund Graphics, Ostrobothnia, Finland., Daly JS; School of Earth Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.; Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.; SFI Research Centre in Applied Geosciences (iCRAG), University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Winter-Schuh C; Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany., van Acken D; School of Earth Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Ringbauer H; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Max Planck-Harvard Research Center for the Archaeoscience of the Ancient Mediterranean, Leipzig, Germany., Mittnik A; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Max Planck-Harvard Research Center for the Archaeoscience of the Ancient Mediterranean, Leipzig, Germany., Ramos-Madrigal J; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Schroeder H; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. hschroeder@sund.ku.dk.; School of Archaeology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. hschroeder@sund.ku.dk., Molloy B; School of Archaeology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. barry.molloy@ucd.ie.
Source: Nature human behaviour [Nat Hum Behav] 2026 Apr; Vol. 10 (4), pp. 656-668. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Feb 23.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Historical Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Springer Nature Publishing Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101697750 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2397-3374 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 23973374 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Hum Behav Subsets: MEDLINE
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Fibiger+L%22">Fibiger L</searchLink>; School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. linda.fibiger@ed.ac.uk.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Iraeta-Orbegozo+M%22">Iraeta-Orbegozo M</searchLink>; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. orbegozo@sund.ku.dk.; School of Archaeology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. orbegozo@sund.ku.dk.; School of Archaeology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. orbegozo@sund.ku.dk.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Koledin+J%22">Koledin J</searchLink>; Museum of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Laffoon+JE%22">Laffoon JE</searchLink>; Department of Archaeological Sciences, Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Makarewicz+CA%22">Makarewicz CA</searchLink>; Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mylopotamitaki+D%22">Mylopotamitaki D</searchLink>; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; Chaire de Paléoanthropologie, CIRB, Collège de France, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, Paris, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bruyere+C%22">Bruyere C</searchLink>; School of Archaeology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Booth+T%22">Booth T</searchLink>; The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bronk+Ramsey+C%22">Bronk Ramsey C</searchLink>; Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Layfield+R%22">Layfield R</searchLink>; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Anchieri+L%22">Anchieri L</searchLink>; Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Huang+Y%22">Huang Y</searchLink>; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kjær+Knudsen+A%22">Kjær Knudsen A</searchLink>; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Niemann+J%22">Niemann J</searchLink>; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Radmanović+D%22">Radmanović D</searchLink>; Museum of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Oldham+NJ%22">Oldham NJ</searchLink>; School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shaw+B%22">Shaw B</searchLink>; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tracy+S%22">Tracy S</searchLink>; School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nylund+S%22">Nylund S</searchLink>; Sara Nylund Graphics, Ostrobothnia, Finland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Daly+JS%22">Daly JS</searchLink>; School of Earth Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.; Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.; SFI Research Centre in Applied Geosciences (iCRAG), University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Winter-Schuh+C%22">Winter-Schuh C</searchLink>; Institute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+Acken+D%22">van Acken D</searchLink>; School of Earth Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ringbauer+H%22">Ringbauer H</searchLink>; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Max Planck-Harvard Research Center for the Archaeoscience of the Ancient Mediterranean, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mittnik+A%22">Mittnik A</searchLink>; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Max Planck-Harvard Research Center for the Archaeoscience of the Ancient Mediterranean, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ramos-Madrigal+J%22">Ramos-Madrigal J</searchLink>; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schroeder+H%22">Schroeder H</searchLink>; Section for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. hschroeder@sund.ku.dk.; School of Archaeology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. hschroeder@sund.ku.dk.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Molloy+B%22">Molloy B</searchLink>; School of Archaeology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. barry.molloy@ucd.ie.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101697750%22">Nature human behaviour</searchLink> [Nat Hum Behav] 2026 Apr; Vol. 10 (4), pp. 656-668. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Feb 23.
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