Large language models for structuring knee ultrasound reports-A comparative evaluation of DeepSeek R1, gemini 2.5 flash, and GPT-4o.
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| Title: | Large language models for structuring knee ultrasound reports-A comparative evaluation of DeepSeek R1, gemini 2.5 flash, and GPT-4o. |
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| Authors: | Tang M; Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China., Xu L; Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China., Zhu L; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China., Maimaitiabula A; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China., Zhang X; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China. zhangxianzuo@ustc.edu.cn., Pei C; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Hefei City, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China. pchl331@126.com., Hu L; Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China. hulei@ustc.edu.cn. |
| Source: | BMC medical informatics and decision making [BMC Med Inform Decis Mak] 2026 Mar 03; Vol. 26 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 03. |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Comparative Study |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101088682 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1472-6947 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14726947 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Med Inform Decis Mak Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Database: | MEDLINE Ultimate |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: mdl DbLabel: MEDLINE Ultimate An: 41772565 AccessLevel: 2 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Large language models for structuring knee ultrasound reports-A comparative evaluation of DeepSeek R1, gemini 2.5 flash, and GPT-4o. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tang+M%22">Tang M</searchLink>; Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Xu+L%22">Xu L</searchLink>; Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhu+L%22">Zhu L</searchLink>; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Maimaitiabula+A%22">Maimaitiabula A</searchLink>; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhang+X%22">Zhang X</searchLink>; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China. zhangxianzuo@ustc.edu.cn.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pei+C%22">Pei C</searchLink>; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Hefei City, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China. pchl331@126.com.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hu+L%22">Hu L</searchLink>; Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China. hulei@ustc.edu.cn. – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101088682%22">BMC medical informatics and decision making</searchLink> [BMC Med Inform Decis Mak] 2026 Mar 03; Vol. 26 (1). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Mar 03. – Name: TypePub Label: Publication Type Group: TypPub Data: Journal Article; Comparative Study – Name: TitleSource Label: Journal Info Group: Src Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22BioMed+Central%22">BioMed Central </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>101088682 <i>Publication Model: </i>Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1472-6947 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2214726947%22">14726947 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>BMC Med Inform Decis Mak <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=mdl&AN=41772565 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1186/s12911-026-03415-2 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English Titles: – TitleFull: Large language models for structuring knee ultrasound reports-A comparative evaluation of DeepSeek R1, gemini 2.5 flash, and GPT-4o. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Tang M – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Xu L – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zhu L – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Maimaitiabula A – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Zhang X – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pei C – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hu L IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 03 M: 03 Text: 2026 Mar 03 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-electronic Value: 1472-6947 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 26 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: BMC medical informatics and decision making Type: main |
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