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The real-world effectiveness and safety of off-label rituximab in a large cohort of Middle Eastern multiple sclerosis patients.

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Title: The real-world effectiveness and safety of off-label rituximab in a large cohort of Middle Eastern multiple sclerosis patients.
Authors: Ismail G; Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Omega Health, Limoges, France., Zeineddine M; School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon. Electronic address: mzeineddine39@gmail.com., Al-Roughani R; Amiri Hospital, Kuwait, Kuwait., Ahmed SF; Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait, Kuwait., Al-Mahdawi A; Baghdad Medical City Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq., Khoury S; American University of Beirut Medical Center, Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, Beirut, Lebanon., El-Ayoubi N; American University of Beirut Medical Center, Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, Beirut, Lebanon., Inshasi J; MS Department, Rashid Hospital and Dubai Medical College, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Al-Khabouri J; Department of Neurology, The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman., Al-Asmi A; Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences and Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman., Gouider R; Department of Neurology, LR18SP03, Clinical Investigation Center 'Neurosciences and Mental Health'- Razi University Hospital- Mannouba, Tunis, Tunisia., Aljarallah S; King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alkhawajah N; King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Al Malik Y; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurology, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Abulaban A; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurology, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Makkawi S; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurology, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Khojah O; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurology, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., El-Hajj T; Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Massouh J; Neurology Institute, Harley Street Medical Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates., AlSalamat H; Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan., Al-Hajje A; Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon., Salameh P; Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon; School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, 2417, Nicosia, Cyprus., Boumediene F; Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Omega Health, Limoges, France., Yamout B; Neurology Institute, Harley Street Medical Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Source: Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics [Neurotherapeutics] 2026 Mar; Vol. 23 (2), pp. e00861. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 12.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Observational Study; Multicenter Study
Journal Info: Publisher: Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101290381 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1878-7479 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18787479 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Neurotherapeutics Subsets: MEDLINE
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  Data: The real-world effectiveness and safety of off-label rituximab in a large cohort of Middle Eastern multiple sclerosis patients.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ismail+G%22">Ismail G</searchLink>; Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Omega Health, Limoges, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zeineddine+M%22">Zeineddine M</searchLink>; School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon. Electronic address: mzeineddine39@gmail.com.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Al-Roughani+R%22">Al-Roughani R</searchLink>; Amiri Hospital, Kuwait, Kuwait.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ahmed+SF%22">Ahmed SF</searchLink>; Ibn Sina Hospital, Kuwait, Kuwait.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Al-Mahdawi+A%22">Al-Mahdawi A</searchLink>; Baghdad Medical City Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Khoury+S%22">Khoury S</searchLink>; American University of Beirut Medical Center, Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, Beirut, Lebanon.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22El-Ayoubi+N%22">El-Ayoubi N</searchLink>; American University of Beirut Medical Center, Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center, Beirut, Lebanon.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Inshasi+J%22">Inshasi J</searchLink>; MS Department, Rashid Hospital and Dubai Medical College, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Al-Khabouri+J%22">Al-Khabouri J</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Al-Asmi+A%22">Al-Asmi A</searchLink>; Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences and Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gouider+R%22">Gouider R</searchLink>; Department of Neurology, LR18SP03, Clinical Investigation Center 'Neurosciences and Mental Health'- Razi University Hospital- Mannouba, Tunis, Tunisia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Aljarallah+S%22">Aljarallah S</searchLink>; King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Alkhawajah+N%22">Alkhawajah N</searchLink>; King Saud University, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Al+Malik+Y%22">Al Malik Y</searchLink>; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurology, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Abulaban+A%22">Abulaban A</searchLink>; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurology, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Makkawi+S%22">Makkawi S</searchLink>; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurology, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Khojah+O%22">Khojah O</searchLink>; College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Neurology, Ministry of the National Guard-Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22El-Hajj+T%22">El-Hajj T</searchLink>; Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Massouh+J%22">Massouh J</searchLink>; Neurology Institute, Harley Street Medical Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22AlSalamat+H%22">AlSalamat H</searchLink>; Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Al-Hajje+A%22">Al-Hajje A</searchLink>; Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Salameh+P%22">Salameh P</searchLink>; Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon; School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, 2417, Nicosia, Cyprus.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Boumediene+F%22">Boumediene F</searchLink>; Inserm U1094, IRD U270, Univ. Limoges, CHU Limoges, EpiMaCT - Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases in Tropical Zone, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, Omega Health, Limoges, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yamout+B%22">Yamout B</searchLink>; Neurology Institute, Harley Street Medical Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101290381%22">Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics</searchLink> [Neurotherapeutics] 2026 Mar; Vol. 23 (2), pp. e00861. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Mar 12.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Elsevier+Inc%2E+on+behalf+of+American+Society+for+Experimental+NeuroTherapeutics%22">Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>United States <i>NLM ID: </i>101290381 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1878-7479 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2218787479%22">18787479 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Neurotherapeutics <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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