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Nano gold-loaded Nannochloropsis oculata attenuates fluoride-induced neural and hepatorenal toxicity by modulating the Nrf2/NF-κB axis and aquaporins.

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Title: Nano gold-loaded Nannochloropsis oculata attenuates fluoride-induced neural and hepatorenal toxicity by modulating the Nrf2/NF-κB axis and aquaporins.
Authors: Emam KK; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt., Shanab O; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Qena University, Qena, 83523, Egypt., Anajirih N; Department of Medical Emergency Services, College of Al-Qunfudah Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, Makkah, 21912, Saudi Arabia., El-Rayes SM; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt., Abdelkader A; Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt., Hasan T; Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia. thasan@pnu.edu.sa., Elsayed AM; Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, 61710, Jordan.; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt., ELwakeel EE; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt.; Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Nursing, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Kasem EM; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt., Abdelkareem HM; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, 61710, Jordan., Shukry M; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia., Ibrahim SF; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia., El Nashar EM; Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia., Alshehri AM; Department of Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Rawan AF; Pre-Clinic Department, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nangarhar University, Nangarhar, 2603, Afghanistan. afaridrawan@gmail.com., Abdeen A; Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt. ahmed.abdeen@fvtm.bu.edu.eg.
Source: Biology direct [Biol Direct] 2026 Mar 16; Vol. 21 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 16.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101258412 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1745-6150 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17456150 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biol Direct Subsets: MEDLINE
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  Data: Nano gold-loaded Nannochloropsis oculata attenuates fluoride-induced neural and hepatorenal toxicity by modulating the Nrf2/NF-κB axis and aquaporins.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Emam+KK%22">Emam KK</searchLink>; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shanab+O%22">Shanab O</searchLink>; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Qena University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Anajirih+N%22">Anajirih N</searchLink>; Department of Medical Emergency Services, College of Al-Qunfudah Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, Makkah, 21912, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22El-Rayes+SM%22">El-Rayes SM</searchLink>; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Abdelkader+A%22">Abdelkader A</searchLink>; Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hasan+T%22">Hasan T</searchLink>; Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia. thasan@pnu.edu.sa.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Elsayed+AM%22">Elsayed AM</searchLink>; Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, 61710, Jordan.; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22ELwakeel+EE%22">ELwakeel EE</searchLink>; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt.; Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Nursing, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kasem+EM%22">Kasem EM</searchLink>; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Abdelkareem+HM%22">Abdelkareem HM</searchLink>; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, 61710, Jordan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shukry+M%22">Shukry M</searchLink>; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ibrahim+SF%22">Ibrahim SF</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22El+Nashar+EM%22">El Nashar EM</searchLink>; Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Alshehri+AM%22">Alshehri AM</searchLink>; Department of Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rawan+AF%22">Rawan AF</searchLink>; Pre-Clinic Department, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nangarhar University, Nangarhar, 2603, Afghanistan. afaridrawan@gmail.com.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Abdeen+A%22">Abdeen A</searchLink>; Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt. ahmed.abdeen@fvtm.bu.edu.eg.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101258412%22">Biology direct</searchLink> [Biol Direct] 2026 Mar 16; Vol. 21 (1). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Mar 16.
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