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Mass azithromycin distribution and antibiotic resistance in the gut and nasopharynx: a cluster-randomized trial.

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Title: Mass azithromycin distribution and antibiotic resistance in the gut and nasopharynx: a cluster-randomized trial.
Authors: Doan T; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. thuy.doan@ucsf.edu.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. thuy.doan@ucsf.edu., Yan D; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Arzika AM; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger., Abdou A; Programme National de Santé Oculaire, Niamey, Niger., Maliki R; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger., Aichatou B; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger., Bello IM; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger., Beidi D; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger., Galo N; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger., Harouna N; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger., Karamba AM; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger., Mahamadou S; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger., Abarchi M; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger., Ibrahim A; Programme National de Santé Oculaire, Niamey, Niger., Zhong L; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Chen C; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Liu Y; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Yu D; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Abraham T; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Cheng AS; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Peterson B; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Oldenburg CE; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Institute of Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Porco TC; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Institute of Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Arnold BF; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.; Institute of Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Hinterwirth A; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., Lebas E; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA., O'Brien KS; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Kieran.Obrien@ucsf.edu.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Kieran.Obrien@ucsf.edu.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Kieran.Obrien@ucsf.edu.; Institute of Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Kieran.Obrien@ucsf.edu., Lietman TM; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Tom.Lietman@ucsf.edu.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Tom.Lietman@ucsf.edu.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Tom.Lietman@ucsf.edu.; Institute of Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Tom.Lietman@ucsf.edu.
Source: Nature medicine [Nat Med] 2026 Mar; Vol. 32 (3), pp. 859-868. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 17.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial
Journal Info: Publisher: Nature Publishing Company Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9502015 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1546-170X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10788956 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Med Subsets: MEDLINE
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Doan+T%22">Doan T</searchLink>; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. thuy.doan@ucsf.edu.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. thuy.doan@ucsf.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yan+D%22">Yan D</searchLink>; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Arzika+AM%22">Arzika AM</searchLink>; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Abdou+A%22">Abdou A</searchLink>; Programme National de Santé Oculaire, Niamey, Niger.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Maliki+R%22">Maliki R</searchLink>; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Aichatou+B%22">Aichatou B</searchLink>; Centre de Recherche et Interventions en Santé Publique, Birni N'Gaoure, Niger.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bello+IM%22">Bello IM</searchLink>; 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Kieran.Obrien@ucsf.edu.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Kieran.Obrien@ucsf.edu.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Kieran.Obrien@ucsf.edu.; Institute of Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Kieran.Obrien@ucsf.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lietman+TM%22">Lietman TM</searchLink>; Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Tom.Lietman@ucsf.edu.; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Tom.Lietman@ucsf.edu.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Tom.Lietman@ucsf.edu.; Institute of Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Tom.Lietman@ucsf.edu.
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