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Thyroid Nodule Detection and Classification on Small Datasets: An Ensemble Deep Learning Approach with Attention Mechanism and Focal Loss.

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Title: Thyroid Nodule Detection and Classification on Small Datasets: An Ensemble Deep Learning Approach with Attention Mechanism and Focal Loss.
Authors: Hung WC; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Department of Communication Engineering, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Head and Neck Cancer Surveillance and Research Study Group, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan., Chang YK; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan., Chang CM; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan., Cheng PW; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan., Lo WC; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Head and Neck Cancer Surveillance and Research Study Group, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan., Cheng PC; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Department of Communication Engineering, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Head and Neck Cancer Surveillance and Research Study Group, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan., Liao LJ; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Head and Neck Cancer Surveillance and Research Study Group, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan.
Source: Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) [Diagnostics (Basel)] 2026 Mar 10; Vol. 16 (6). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 10.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: MDPI AG Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101658402 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2075-4418 (Print) Linking ISSN: 20754418 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Diagnostics (Basel) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Thyroid Nodule Detection and Classification on Small Datasets: An Ensemble Deep Learning Approach with Attention Mechanism and Focal Loss.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hung+WC%22">Hung WC</searchLink>; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Department of Communication Engineering, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Head and Neck Cancer Surveillance and Research Study Group, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+YK%22">Chang YK</searchLink>; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+CM%22">Chang CM</searchLink>; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cheng+PW%22">Cheng PW</searchLink>; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lo+WC%22">Lo WC</searchLink>; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Head and Neck Cancer Surveillance and Research Study Group, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cheng+PC%22">Cheng PC</searchLink>; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Department of Communication Engineering, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Head and Neck Cancer Surveillance and Research Study Group, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liao+LJ%22">Liao LJ</searchLink>; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Head and Neck Cancer Surveillance and Research Study Group, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan.; Department of Electrical Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101658402%22">Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)</searchLink> [Diagnostics (Basel)] 2026 Mar 10; Vol. 16 (6). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 Mar 10.
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        Value: 10.3390/diagnostics16060825
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        Text: English
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      – TitleFull: Thyroid Nodule Detection and Classification on Small Datasets: An Ensemble Deep Learning Approach with Attention Mechanism and Focal Loss.
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              Text: 2026 Mar 10
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