Alternatives for fetal bovine serum (FBS) and sustainability of milk derivatives in cell culture.

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Title: Alternatives for fetal bovine serum (FBS) and sustainability of milk derivatives in cell culture.
Authors: Pittino OM; Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Semprini MS; Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Ruzzi F; Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Angelicola S; Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Cappello C; Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Scalambra L; Center of Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italia., Frascino M; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy., Michel PLS; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.; Medical Oncology Division, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy., Nanni P; Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Lollini PL; Laboratory of Immunology and Biology of Metastasis, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Palladini A; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. arianna.palladini@unipv.it.; Medical Oncology Division, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. arianna.palladini@unipv.it.
Corporate Authors: Lac2Lab
Source: Biological research [Biol Res] 2026 Mar 28; Vol. 59 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 28.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Review
Journal Info: Publisher: Biomed Central, Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9308271 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 0717-6287 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 07169760 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biol Res Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
Description
ISSN:0717-6287
DOI:10.1186/s40659-026-00691-0