Connecting habitats, boosting disease resistance: Spatial connectivity enhances amphibian microbiome defenses against fungal pathogen.

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Title: Connecting habitats, boosting disease resistance: Spatial connectivity enhances amphibian microbiome defenses against fungal pathogen.
Authors: Medina D; Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.; Center for Tropical Island Biodiversity Studies, The School for Field Studies, Isla Colón, Bocas del Toro 00001, Panama., Martins RA; Department of Biodiversity and Aquaculture Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil., Prist PR; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY 10018.; International Union for Conservation of Nature, Forests and Grasslands, Washington, DC 20009., Buttimer S; Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.; One Health Microbiome Center, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16803., Neely WJ; Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666., Schuck LK; Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.; One Health Microbiome Center, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16803., Greenspan SE; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205., Lyra ML; New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island 129188, United Arab Emirates., Kearns PJ; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125., Woodhams DC; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125., Bletz MC; Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16803., São-Pedro VA; Center of Natural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos-Campus Lagoa do Sino, Buri, São Paulo 18290-000, Brazil., Haddad CFB; Department of Biodiversity and Aquaculture Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil., Becker CG; Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.; One Health Microbiome Center, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16803.
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2026 Apr 28; Vol. 123 (17), pp. e2520745123. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 20.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: National Academy of Sciences Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 7505876 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1091-6490 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00278424 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Subsets: MEDLINE
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  Data: Connecting habitats, boosting disease resistance: Spatial connectivity enhances amphibian microbiome defenses against fungal pathogen.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Medina+D%22">Medina D</searchLink>; Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.; Center for Tropical Island Biodiversity Studies, The School for Field Studies, Isla Colón, Bocas del Toro 00001, Panama.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Martins+RA%22">Martins RA</searchLink>; Department of Biodiversity and Aquaculture Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Prist+PR%22">Prist PR</searchLink>; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY 10018.; International Union for Conservation of Nature, Forests and Grasslands, Washington, DC 20009.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Buttimer+S%22">Buttimer S</searchLink>; Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.; One Health Microbiome Center, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16803.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Neely+WJ%22">Neely WJ</searchLink>; Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schuck+LK%22">Schuck LK</searchLink>; Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.; One Health Microbiome Center, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16803.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Greenspan+SE%22">Greenspan SE</searchLink>; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lyra+ML%22">Lyra ML</searchLink>; New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island 129188, United Arab Emirates.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kearns+PJ%22">Kearns PJ</searchLink>; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Woodhams+DC%22">Woodhams DC</searchLink>; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bletz+MC%22">Bletz MC</searchLink>; Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16803.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22São-Pedro+VA%22">São-Pedro VA</searchLink>; Center of Natural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos-Campus Lagoa do Sino, Buri, São Paulo 18290-000, Brazil.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Haddad+CFB%22">Haddad CFB</searchLink>; Department of Biodiversity and Aquaculture Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo 13506-900, Brazil.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Becker+CG%22">Becker CG</searchLink>; Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802.; One Health Microbiome Center, Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16803.
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