Definition, diagnosis, and treatment of primary biliary cholangitis-autoimmune hepatitis (PBC-AIH) variant: An international expert Delphi consensus.

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Title: Definition, diagnosis, and treatment of primary biliary cholangitis-autoimmune hepatitis (PBC-AIH) variant: An international expert Delphi consensus.
Authors: Gerussi A; Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy., Sebode M; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.; Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany., Nofit E; Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy., Stoelinga A; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands., Bernasconi DP; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre-B4, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy., Leburgue A; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.; Association ALBI, Paris, France., Invernizzi P; Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany., Schramm C; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.; Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany., van Hoek B; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands., Tiniakos D; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.; Department of Pathology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece., Terracciano L; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy.; Institute of Pathology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy., Carbone M; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; Epatologia e Gastroenterologia, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano (GOM) Niguarda, Milan, Italy., Lohse AW; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.; Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Corporate Authors: ERN RARE-LIVER, the Global PBC Study Group, and the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG)
Source: Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) [Hepatology] 2026 May 14. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 14.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 8302946 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1527-3350 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02709139 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Hepatology Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gerussi+A%22">Gerussi A</searchLink>; Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sebode+M%22">Sebode M</searchLink>; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.; Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nofit+E%22">Nofit E</searchLink>; Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Stoelinga+A%22">Stoelinga A</searchLink>; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bernasconi+DP%22">Bernasconi DP</searchLink>; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; Bicocca Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Bioimaging Centre-B4, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Leburgue+A%22">Leburgue A</searchLink>; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.; Association ALBI, Paris, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Invernizzi+P%22">Invernizzi P</searchLink>; Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy.; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schramm+C%22">Schramm C</searchLink>; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.; Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22van+Hoek+B%22">van Hoek B</searchLink>; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tiniakos+D%22">Tiniakos D</searchLink>; Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.; Department of Pathology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Terracciano+L%22">Terracciano L</searchLink>; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy.; Institute of Pathology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Carbone+M%22">Carbone M</searchLink>; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.; Epatologia e Gastroenterologia, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano (GOM) Niguarda, Milan, Italy.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lohse+AW%22">Lohse AW</searchLink>; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Hamburg, Germany.; Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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