The need for clarity among the shadows: It is time to further refine the definition of primary graft dysfunction in lung transplant recipients.

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Title: The need for clarity among the shadows: It is time to further refine the definition of primary graft dysfunction in lung transplant recipients.
Authors: Trindade AJ; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Electronic address: anil.trindade@vumc.org., Shaver CM; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee., Demarest CT; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee., Erasmus D; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee., Keller BC; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Langer NB; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Kukreja J; Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California., Hays S; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California., Schaheen L; Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona., Campo-Canaveral de la Cruz JL; Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Hospital Universitario, Madrid, Spain., Alonso-Moralejo R; Department of Pulmonology and Lung Transplantation, Hospital Universitario, Madrid, Spain., Crowley Carrasco S; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain., Laporta Hernandez R; Department of Pulmonology and Lung Transplantation, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain., Akbarshahi H; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Palliative Care, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden., Lindstedt S; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden., Chang SH; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York., Angel LF; Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York., Benazzo A; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Jaksch P; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Sidhu A; Division of Respirology, University of Toronto and Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Ontario, Toronto, Canada., Cypel M; Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto and Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Ontario, Toronto, Canada., Bacchetta M; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee., Hoetzenecker K; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Source: The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation [J Heart Lung Transplant] 2026 May 16. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 16.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9102703 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1557-3117 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10532498 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Heart Lung Transplant Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: The need for clarity among the shadows: It is time to further refine the definition of primary graft dysfunction in lung transplant recipients.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Trindade+AJ%22">Trindade AJ</searchLink>; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Electronic address: anil.trindade@vumc.org.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Shaver+CM%22">Shaver CM</searchLink>; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Demarest+CT%22">Demarest CT</searchLink>; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Erasmus+D%22">Erasmus D</searchLink>; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Keller+BC%22">Keller BC</searchLink>; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Langer+NB%22">Langer NB</searchLink>; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kukreja+J%22">Kukreja J</searchLink>; Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hays+S%22">Hays S</searchLink>; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schaheen+L%22">Schaheen L</searchLink>; Norton Thoracic Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Campo-Canaveral+de+la+Cruz+JL%22">Campo-Canaveral de la Cruz JL</searchLink>; Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Hospital Universitario, Madrid, Spain.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Alonso-Moralejo+R%22">Alonso-Moralejo R</searchLink>; Department of Pulmonology and Lung Transplantation, Hospital Universitario, Madrid, Spain.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Crowley+Carrasco+S%22">Crowley Carrasco S</searchLink>; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Laporta+Hernandez+R%22">Laporta Hernandez R</searchLink>; Department of Pulmonology and Lung Transplantation, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Akbarshahi+H%22">Akbarshahi H</searchLink>; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy and Palliative Care, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lindstedt+S%22">Lindstedt S</searchLink>; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chang+SH%22">Chang SH</searchLink>; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Angel+LF%22">Angel LF</searchLink>; Transplant Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Benazzo+A%22">Benazzo A</searchLink>; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jaksch+P%22">Jaksch P</searchLink>; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sidhu+A%22">Sidhu A</searchLink>; Division of Respirology, University of Toronto and Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Ontario, Toronto, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cypel+M%22">Cypel M</searchLink>; Division of Thoracic Surgery, University of Toronto and Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Ontario, Toronto, Canada.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bacchetta+M%22">Bacchetta M</searchLink>; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hoetzenecker+K%22">Hoetzenecker K</searchLink>; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%229102703%22">The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation</searchLink> [J Heart Lung Transplant] 2026 May 16. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 May 16.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Elsevier%22">Elsevier </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>United States <i>NLM ID: </i>9102703 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1557-3117 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2210532498%22">10532498 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>J Heart Lung Transplant <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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