Application of age- and sex-specific reference intervals for thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine in evaluating incidence and trends of thyroid dysfunctions: A population-based cohort study.

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Title: Application of age- and sex-specific reference intervals for thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine in evaluating incidence and trends of thyroid dysfunctions: A population-based cohort study.
Authors: Lu J; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China., Tang CM; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China., Ge GM; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China., Cheng KK; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China., Lee KC; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China., Tan KC; Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China., Lam SK; The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.; School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China., Cheung EY; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China., Cheung CL; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.; Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA., Li GH; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. gloria-hy.li@polyu.edu.hk.
Source: BMC medicine [BMC Med] 2026 May 20; Vol. 24 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 20.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101190723 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1741-7015 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17417015 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Med Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lu+J%22">Lu J</searchLink>; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tang+CM%22">Tang CM</searchLink>; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Ge+GM%22">Ge GM</searchLink>; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cheng+KK%22">Cheng KK</searchLink>; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lee+KC%22">Lee KC</searchLink>; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Tan+KC%22">Tan KC</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lam+SK%22">Lam SK</searchLink>; The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.; School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cheung+EY%22">Cheung EY</searchLink>; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cheung+CL%22">Cheung CL</searchLink>; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.; Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+GH%22">Li GH</searchLink>; Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. gloria-hy.li@polyu.edu.hk.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101190723%22">BMC medicine</searchLink> [BMC Med] 2026 May 20; Vol. 24 (1). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 May 20.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22BioMed+Central%22">BioMed Central </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>101190723 <i>Publication Model: </i>Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1741-7015 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2217417015%22">17417015 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>BMC Med <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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        Value: 10.1186/s12916-026-04942-5
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        Text: English
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              Text: 2026 May 20
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