Experimental investigation of ZnO nanoparticle-enhanced pongamia biodiesel for performance, combustion, emission, and sustainability assessment in a CI engine.

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Title: Experimental investigation of ZnO nanoparticle-enhanced pongamia biodiesel for performance, combustion, emission, and sustainability assessment in a CI engine.
Authors: Patel D; School of Engineering & Technology, Dr. Subhash University, Junagadh, India., Azam SMF; Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia., Rao PSR; Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India., Chohan JS; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Marwadi University Research Center, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India., Singh R; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India., Samantaray S; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, 751030, Odisha, India., Thykattusserry NJ; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Bisht YS; Sharda School of Engineering and Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.; Lloyd Institute of Engineering & Technology, Knowledge Park II, Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, 201306, India., Bhowmik A; Department of Additive Manufacturing, Mechanical Engineering, SIMATS, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India.; Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, Phagwara, India., Tamene Y; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. yalew.tamene@ju.edu.et.
Source: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2026 May 21; Vol. 16 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 21.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE; PubMed not MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
Description
ISSN:2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-026-54323-4