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Low-energy small language models with retrieval-augmented generation can surpass large-model performance in rheumatology.

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Title: Low-energy small language models with retrieval-augmented generation can surpass large-model performance in rheumatology.
Authors: Felde S; Institute of IT Management and Digitization Research (IFID), FOM University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Germany., Buchkremer R; Institute of IT Management and Digitization Research (IFID), FOM University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Germany., Chehab G; Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.; Hiller Research Center, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, KEM Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany., Thielscher C; Competence Center for Medical Economics, FOM University of Applied Sciences, Essen, Germany., Distler JHW; Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.; Hiller Research Center, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany., Schneider M; Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.; Hiller Research Center, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany., Richter JG; Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.; Hiller Research Center, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Source: Frontiers in medicine [Front Med (Lausanne)] 2026 May 08; Vol. 13, pp. 1817215. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 08 (Print Publication: 2026).
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101648047 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 2296-858X (Print) Linking ISSN: 2296858X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Med (Lausanne) Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Low-energy small language models with retrieval-augmented generation can surpass large-model performance in rheumatology.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Felde+S%22">Felde S</searchLink>; Institute of IT Management and Digitization Research (IFID), FOM University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Buchkremer+R%22">Buchkremer R</searchLink>; Institute of IT Management and Digitization Research (IFID), FOM University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chehab+G%22">Chehab G</searchLink>; Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.; Hiller Research Center, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.; Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, KEM Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Essen, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Thielscher+C%22">Thielscher C</searchLink>; Competence Center for Medical Economics, FOM University of Applied Sciences, Essen, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Distler+JHW%22">Distler JHW</searchLink>; Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.; Hiller Research Center, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schneider+M%22">Schneider M</searchLink>; Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.; Hiller Research Center, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Richter+JG%22">Richter JG</searchLink>; Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.; Hiller Research Center, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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