Risk and liability in the deployment of AI systems for surgery: a SAGES white paper.

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Title: Risk and liability in the deployment of AI systems for surgery: a SAGES white paper.
Authors: Hashimoto DA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 4 Silverstein Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. daniel.hashimoto@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.; Department of Computer and Information Science, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. daniel.hashimoto@pennmedicine.upenn.edu., Marwaha JS; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA., Lee SA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 4 Silverstein Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA., Schwaitzberg S; Department of Surgery, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA., Duffourc MN; Faculty of Law, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Source: Surgical endoscopy [Surg Endosc] 2026 Jul; Vol. 40 (7), pp. 5468-5479. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 08.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Consensus Statement; Review
Journal Info: Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 8806653 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-2218 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09302794 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Surg Endosc Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
Description
ISSN:1432-2218
DOI:10.1007/s00464-026-12881-8