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Driving factors and barriers to irrational antibiotic prescribing in Pakistan: a qualitative study of physicians', pharmacists' and nurses' perspectives in public and private hospitals.

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Title: Driving factors and barriers to irrational antibiotic prescribing in Pakistan: a qualitative study of physicians', pharmacists' and nurses' perspectives in public and private hospitals.
Authors: Khan ME; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Jamil E; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Abubakar M; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan.; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Salim Habib University, Karachi, Pakistan., Javed A; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Abbas D; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Nawaz E; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Atiq B; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Razi BH; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Saeed AR; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Rasool H; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Zubair M; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Rasool H; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Khan SW; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Shoul A; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Batool A; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan., Khan MU; Department of Pharmacy, Iqra University, H-9 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan., Ullah M; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad Campus, Pakistan mattiullah@hamdard.edu.pk.
Source: BMJ open [BMJ Open] 2026 Jun 10; Vol. 16 (6), pp. e107828. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 10.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101552874 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2044-6055 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20446055 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMJ Open Subsets: MEDLINE
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