Genetic diversity of late Neanderthals in northwestern Europe.

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Title: Genetic diversity of late Neanderthals in northwestern Europe.
Authors: Bossoms Mesa A; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. alba_bossoms@eva.mpg.de., Essel E; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Peyrégne S; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Sümer AP; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Iasi LNM; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Heide C; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Popli D; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., de Filippo C; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Gansauge MT; Genewiz Germany, Leipzig, Germany., Gerullat L; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Lippik L; Genewiz Germany, Leipzig, Germany., Nagel S; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Nickel B; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Schellbach B; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Schmidt A; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Visagie J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Weihmann A; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Zeberg H; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Zorn J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Rougier H; California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA., Crevecoeur I; PACEA, UMR 5199, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Ministère de la Culture, Pessac, France., Semal P; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium., Abrams G; ArcheOs - Laboratory for Biological Anthropology, Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium., Devièse T; CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Collège de France, Aix-en-Provence, France., Pirson S; Agence wallonne du Patrimoine, Namur, Belgium.; Centre européen d'archéométrie and Department of Geology, Liège University, Liège, Belgium., Di Modica K; Scladina Cave Archaeological Centre, Espace Muséal d'Andenne, Andenne, Belgium., Cattelain P; Centre européen d'archéométrie and Department of Geology, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.; ASBL Centre d'Études et de Documentation Archéologiques, Musée du Malgré-Tout, Treignes, Belgium.; Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium., Draily C; Agence wallonne du Patrimoine, Namur, Belgium., Toussaint M; ArcheOs - Laboratory for Biological Anthropology, Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., De Groote I; ArcheOs - Laboratory for Biological Anthropology, Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Welker F; Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Posth C; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Tübingen, Germany., Soressi M; Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands., Hublin JJ; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; CIRB (UMR 7241-U1050), Collège de France, Paris, France., Krause J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Pääbo S; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Meyer M; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany., Kelso J; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. kelso@eva.mpg.de., Peter BM; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. bpeter@ucla.edu.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. bpeter@ucla.edu., Hajdinjak M; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. mateja_hajdinjak@eva.mpg.de.
Source: Nature [Nature] 2026 Jul; Vol. 655 (8122), pp. 409-417. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Jun 24.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 0410462 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-4687 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00280836 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nature Subsets: MEDLINE
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  Data: Genetic diversity of late Neanderthals in northwestern Europe.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Bossoms+Mesa+A%22">Bossoms Mesa A</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. alba_bossoms@eva.mpg.de.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Essel+E%22">Essel E</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Peyrégne+S%22">Peyrégne S</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Sümer+AP%22">Sümer AP</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Iasi+LNM%22">Iasi LNM</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Heide+C%22">Heide C</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Popli+D%22">Popli D</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22de+Filippo+C%22">de Filippo C</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gansauge+MT%22">Gansauge MT</searchLink>; Genewiz Germany, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gerullat+L%22">Gerullat L</searchLink>; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Lippik+L%22">Lippik L</searchLink>; Genewiz Germany, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nagel+S%22">Nagel S</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nickel+B%22">Nickel B</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schellbach+B%22">Schellbach B</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Schmidt+A%22">Schmidt A</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Visagie+J%22">Visagie J</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Weihmann+A%22">Weihmann A</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zeberg+H%22">Zeberg H</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zorn+J%22">Zorn J</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rougier+H%22">Rougier H</searchLink>; California State University, Northridge, Northridge, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Crevecoeur+I%22">Crevecoeur I</searchLink>; PACEA, UMR 5199, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Ministère de la Culture, Pessac, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Semal+P%22">Semal P</searchLink>; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Abrams+G%22">Abrams G</searchLink>; ArcheOs - Laboratory for Biological Anthropology, Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Devièse+T%22">Devièse T</searchLink>; CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Collège de France, Aix-en-Provence, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pirson+S%22">Pirson S</searchLink>; Agence wallonne du Patrimoine, Namur, Belgium.; Centre européen d'archéométrie and Department of Geology, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Di+Modica+K%22">Di Modica K</searchLink>; Scladina Cave Archaeological Centre, Espace Muséal d'Andenne, Andenne, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Cattelain+P%22">Cattelain P</searchLink>; Centre européen d'archéométrie and Department of Geology, Liège University, Liège, Belgium.; ASBL Centre d'Études et de Documentation Archéologiques, Musée du Malgré-Tout, Treignes, Belgium.; Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Draily+C%22">Draily C</searchLink>; Agence wallonne du Patrimoine, Namur, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Toussaint+M%22">Toussaint M</searchLink>; ArcheOs - Laboratory for Biological Anthropology, Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22De+Groote+I%22">De Groote I</searchLink>; ArcheOs - Laboratory for Biological Anthropology, Department of Archaeology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Welker+F%22">Welker F</searchLink>; Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Posth+C%22">Posth C</searchLink>; University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Tübingen, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Soressi+M%22">Soressi M</searchLink>; Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hublin+JJ%22">Hublin JJ</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.; CIRB (UMR 7241-U1050), Collège de France, Paris, France.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Krause+J%22">Krause J</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Pääbo+S%22">Pääbo S</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Meyer+M%22">Meyer M</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kelso+J%22">Kelso J</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. kelso@eva.mpg.de.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Peter+BM%22">Peter BM</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. bpeter@ucla.edu.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. bpeter@ucla.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hajdinjak+M%22">Hajdinjak M</searchLink>; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. mateja_hajdinjak@eva.mpg.de.
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