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Enhancing the Executive Functions of 3-Year-Olds in the Dimensional Change Card Sort Task.

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Title: Enhancing the Executive Functions of 3-Year-Olds in the Dimensional Change Card Sort Task.
Authors: Perone, Sammy, Molitor, Stephen J., Buss, Aaron T., Spencer, John P., Samuelson, Larissa K.
Source: Child Development. May/Jun2015, Vol. 86 Issue 3, p812-827. 16p. 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs.
Subjects: Executive function, Preschool children, Task performance, Dimensional preference, Matching games, Categorization (Psychology) in children, Short-term memory
Abstract: Executive functions enable flexible thinking, something young children are notoriously bad at. For instance, in the dimensional change card sort ( DCCS) task, 3-year-olds can sort cards by one dimension (shape), but continue to sort by this dimension when asked to switch (to color). This study tests a prediction of a dynamic neural field model that prior experience with the postswitch dimension can enhance 3-year-olds' performance in the DCCS. In Experiment 1A, a matching game was used to preexpose 3-year-olds ( n = 36) to color. This facilitated switching from sorting by shape to color. In [Experiment], 3-year-olds ( n = 18) were preexposed to shape. This did not facilitate switching from sorting by color to shape. The model was used to explain this asymmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Child Development is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Enhancing the Executive Functions of 3-Year-Olds in the Dimensional Change Card Sort Task.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Perone%2C+Sammy%22">Perone, Sammy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Molitor%2C+Stephen+J%2E%22">Molitor, Stephen J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Buss%2C+Aaron+T%2E%22">Buss, Aaron T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Spencer%2C+John+P%2E%22">Spencer, John P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Samuelson%2C+Larissa+K%2E%22">Samuelson, Larissa K.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Child+Development%22">Child Development</searchLink>. May/Jun2015, Vol. 86 Issue 3, p812-827. 16p. 1 Diagram, 4 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Executive+function%22">Executive function</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Preschool+children%22">Preschool children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Task+performance%22">Task performance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dimensional+preference%22">Dimensional preference</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Matching+games%22">Matching games</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Categorization+%28Psychology%29+in+children%22">Categorization (Psychology) in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Short-term+memory%22">Short-term memory</searchLink>
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  Data: Executive functions enable flexible thinking, something young children are notoriously bad at. For instance, in the dimensional change card sort ( DCCS) task, 3-year-olds can sort cards by one dimension (shape), but continue to sort by this dimension when asked to switch (to color). This study tests a prediction of a dynamic neural field model that prior experience with the postswitch dimension can enhance 3-year-olds' performance in the DCCS. In Experiment 1A, a matching game was used to preexpose 3-year-olds ( n = 36) to color. This facilitated switching from sorting by shape to color. In [Experiment], 3-year-olds ( n = 18) were preexposed to shape. This did not facilitate switching from sorting by color to shape. The model was used to explain this asymmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Child Development is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/cdev.12330
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Task performance
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              Text: May/Jun2015
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