Highly neurotic never-depressed students have negative biases in information processing.
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| Title: | Highly neurotic never-depressed students have negative biases in information processing. |
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| Authors: | Chan SW (AUTHOR), Goodwin GM (AUTHOR), Harmer CJ (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Psychological Medicine. Sep2007, Vol. 37 Issue 9, p1281-1291. 11p. |
| Abstract: | ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cognitive theories associate depression with negative biases in information processing. Although negatively biased cognitions are well documented in depressed patients and to some extent in recovered patients, it remains unclear whether these abnormalities are present before the first depressive episode.MethodHigh neuroticism (N) is a well-recognized risk factor for depression. The current study therefore compared different aspects of emotional processing in 33 high-N never-depressed and 32 low-N matched volunteers. Awakening salivary cortisol, which is often elevated in severely depressed patients, was measured to explore the neurobiological substrate of neuroticism. RESULTS: High-N volunteers showed increased processing of negative and/or decreased processing of positive information in emotional categorization and memory, facial expression recognition and emotion-potentiated startle (EPS), in the absence of global memory or executive deficits. By contrast, there was no evidence for effects of neuroticism on attentional bias (as measured with the dot-probe task), over-general autobiographical memory, or awakening cortisol levels. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that certain negative processing biases precede depression rather than arising as a result of depressive experience per se and as such could in part mediate the vulnerability of high-N subjects to depression. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm that such cognitive vulnerabilities predict subsequent depression in individual subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 105830720 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Highly neurotic never-depressed students have negative biases in information processing. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chan+SW%22">Chan SW</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Goodwin+GM%22">Goodwin GM</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Harmer+CJ%22">Harmer CJ</searchLink> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Medicine%22">Psychological Medicine</searchLink>. Sep2007, Vol. 37 Issue 9, p1281-1291. 11p. – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cognitive theories associate depression with negative biases in information processing. Although negatively biased cognitions are well documented in depressed patients and to some extent in recovered patients, it remains unclear whether these abnormalities are present before the first depressive episode.MethodHigh neuroticism (N) is a well-recognized risk factor for depression. The current study therefore compared different aspects of emotional processing in 33 high-N never-depressed and 32 low-N matched volunteers. Awakening salivary cortisol, which is often elevated in severely depressed patients, was measured to explore the neurobiological substrate of neuroticism. RESULTS: High-N volunteers showed increased processing of negative and/or decreased processing of positive information in emotional categorization and memory, facial expression recognition and emotion-potentiated startle (EPS), in the absence of global memory or executive deficits. By contrast, there was no evidence for effects of neuroticism on attentional bias (as measured with the dot-probe task), over-general autobiographical memory, or awakening cortisol levels. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that certain negative processing biases precede depression rather than arising as a result of depressive experience per se and as such could in part mediate the vulnerability of high-N subjects to depression. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm that such cognitive vulnerabilities predict subsequent depression in individual subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1017/s0033291707000669 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 11 StartPage: 1281 Titles: – TitleFull: Highly neurotic never-depressed students have negative biases in information processing. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Chan SW – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Goodwin GM – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Harmer CJ IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 09 Text: Sep2007 Type: published Y: 2007 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 00332917 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 37 – Type: issue Value: 9 Titles: – TitleFull: Psychological Medicine Type: main |
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