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Stillbirths in the United States, 1981-2000: an age, period, and cohort analysis.

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Title: Stillbirths in the United States, 1981-2000: an age, period, and cohort analysis.
Authors: Ananth CV (AUTHOR), Liu S (AUTHOR), Kinzler WL (AUTHOR), Kramer MS (AUTHOR)
Source: American Journal of Public Health. Dec2005, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p2213-2217. 5p.
Subjects: Stillbirth, Childbirth, Pregnancy, American women, White women, Black women
Geographic Terms: United States
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: We examined age, period, and cohort (APC) effects on temporal trends in stillbirths among Black and White women in the United States. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study of Black and White women who delivered a singleton live-born or stillborn infant during 1981 through 2000. We analyzed stillbirth rates at 20 or more weeks of gestation within 7 age groups, 4 periods, and 10 'central' birth cohorts after adjusting for confounders. RESULTS: In both racial groups, women younger than 20 years or 35 years or older were at increased risk of stillbirth; risks decreased over successive periods in all age groups. Birth cohort had no impact on stillbirth trends among Blacks and only a small, nonsignificant effect among Whites. Analyses of various APC combinations showed that Blacks were at a 1.2- to 2.9-fold increased risk for stillbirth relative to Whites. Attributable fractions for stillbirth because of age, period, and cohort effects were 16.5%, 24.9%, and 0.1%, respectively, among Black women and 14.5%, 36.2%, and 2.1%, respectively, among White women. CONCLUSIONS: Strong effects of age and period were observed in stillbirth trends, but these factors do not explain the persistent stillbirth disparity between Black and White women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Stillbirths in the United States, 1981-2000: an age, period, and cohort analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ananth+CV%22">Ananth CV</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu+S%22">Liu S</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kinzler+WL%22">Kinzler WL</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kramer+MS%22">Kramer MS</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22American+Journal+of+Public+Health%22">American Journal of Public Health</searchLink>. Dec2005, Vol. 95 Issue 12, p2213-2217. 5p.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Stillbirth%22">Stillbirth</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Childbirth%22">Childbirth</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pregnancy%22">Pregnancy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22American+women%22">American women</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22White+women%22">White women</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Black+women%22">Black women</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: OBJECTIVES: We examined age, period, and cohort (APC) effects on temporal trends in stillbirths among Black and White women in the United States. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study of Black and White women who delivered a singleton live-born or stillborn infant during 1981 through 2000. We analyzed stillbirth rates at 20 or more weeks of gestation within 7 age groups, 4 periods, and 10 'central' birth cohorts after adjusting for confounders. RESULTS: In both racial groups, women younger than 20 years or 35 years or older were at increased risk of stillbirth; risks decreased over successive periods in all age groups. Birth cohort had no impact on stillbirth trends among Blacks and only a small, nonsignificant effect among Whites. Analyses of various APC combinations showed that Blacks were at a 1.2- to 2.9-fold increased risk for stillbirth relative to Whites. Attributable fractions for stillbirth because of age, period, and cohort effects were 16.5%, 24.9%, and 0.1%, respectively, among Black women and 14.5%, 36.2%, and 2.1%, respectively, among White women. CONCLUSIONS: Strong effects of age and period were observed in stillbirth trends, but these factors do not explain the persistent stillbirth disparity between Black and White women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
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  Data: <i>Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=106403126
RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.043885
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Pregnancy
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      – SubjectFull: American women
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      – SubjectFull: Black women
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      – SubjectFull: United States
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            NameFull: Liu S
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2005
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              Y: 2005
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