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Clustering of fast-food restaurants around schools: a novel application of spatial statistics to the study of food environments.

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Title: Clustering of fast-food restaurants around schools: a novel application of spatial statistics to the study of food environments.
Authors: Austin SB (AUTHOR), Melly SJ (AUTHOR), Sanchez BN (AUTHOR), Patel A (AUTHOR), Buka S (AUTHOR), Gortmaker SL (AUTHOR)
Source: American Journal of Public Health. Sep2005, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p1575-1581. 7p.
Subjects: Fast food restaurants, School food, Child nutrition, Convenience foods
Geographic Terms: Chicago (Ill.), Illinois
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: We examined the concentration of fast food restaurants in areas proximal to schools to characterize school neighborhood food environments. METHODS: secondary schools in Chicago. We used the bivariate K function statistical method to quantify the degree of clustering (spatial dependence) of fast-food restaurants around school locations. RESULTS: The median distance from any school in Chicago to the nearest fast-food restaurant was 0.52 km, a distance that an adult can walk in little more than 5 minutes, and 78% of schools had at least 1 fast-food restaurant within 800 m. Fast-food restaurants were statistically significantly clustered in areas within a short walking distance from schools, with an estimated 3 to 4 times as many fast-food restaurants within 1.5 km from schools than would be expected if the restaurants were distributed throughout the city in a way unrelated to school locations. CONCLUSIONS: Fast-food restaurants are concentrated within a short walking distance from schools, exposing children to poor-quality food environments in their school neighborhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Clustering of fast-food restaurants around schools: a novel application of spatial statistics to the study of food environments.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Austin+SB%22">Austin SB</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Melly+SJ%22">Melly SJ</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sanchez+BN%22">Sanchez BN</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Patel+A%22">Patel A</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Buka+S%22">Buka S</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gortmaker+SL%22">Gortmaker SL</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22American+Journal+of+Public+Health%22">American Journal of Public Health</searchLink>. Sep2005, Vol. 95 Issue 9, p1575-1581. 7p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fast+food+restaurants%22">Fast food restaurants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+food%22">School food</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Child+nutrition%22">Child nutrition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Convenience+foods%22">Convenience foods</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chicago+%28Ill%2E%29%22">Chicago (Ill.)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Illinois%22">Illinois</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: OBJECTIVES: We examined the concentration of fast food restaurants in areas proximal to schools to characterize school neighborhood food environments. METHODS: secondary schools in Chicago. We used the bivariate K function statistical method to quantify the degree of clustering (spatial dependence) of fast-food restaurants around school locations. RESULTS: The median distance from any school in Chicago to the nearest fast-food restaurant was 0.52 km, a distance that an adult can walk in little more than 5 minutes, and 78% of schools had at least 1 fast-food restaurant within 800 m. Fast-food restaurants were statistically significantly clustered in areas within a short walking distance from schools, with an estimated 3 to 4 times as many fast-food restaurants within 1.5 km from schools than would be expected if the restaurants were distributed throughout the city in a way unrelated to school locations. CONCLUSIONS: Fast-food restaurants are concentrated within a short walking distance from schools, exposing children to poor-quality food environments in their school neighborhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.056341
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 7
        StartPage: 1575
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Fast food restaurants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: School food
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Child nutrition
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Convenience foods
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      – SubjectFull: Chicago (Ill.)
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            NameFull: Melly SJ
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            NameFull: Sanchez BN
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              M: 09
              Text: Sep2005
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