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Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong.

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Title: Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong.
Authors: Donnelly CA (AUTHOR), Ghani AC (AUTHOR), Leung GM (AUTHOR), Hedley AJ (AUTHOR), Fraser C (AUTHOR), Riley S (AUTHOR), Abu-Raddad LJ (AUTHOR), Ho L (AUTHOR), Thach T (AUTHOR), Chau P (AUTHOR), Chan K (AUTHOR), Lam T (AUTHOR), Tse L (AUTHOR), Tsang T (AUTHOR), Liu S (AUTHOR), Kong JHB (AUTHOR), Lau EMC (AUTHOR), Ferguson NM (AUTHOR), Anderson RM (AUTHOR), Donnelly, Christl A (AUTHOR)
Source: Lancet. 5/24/2003, Vol. 361 Issue 9371, p1761-1766. 6p.
Abstract: Background: Health authorities worldwide, especially in the Asia Pacific region, are seeking effective public-health interventions in the continuing epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). We assessed the epidemiology of SARS in Hong Kong.Methods: We included 1425 cases reported up to April 28, 2003. An integrated database was constructed from several sources containing information on epidemiological, demographic, and clinical variables. We estimated the key epidemiological distributions: infection to onset, onset to admission, admission to death, and admission to discharge. We measured associations between the estimated case fatality rate and patients' age and the time from onset to admission.Findings: After the initial phase of exponential growth, the rate of confirmed cases fell to less than 20 per day by April 28. Public-health interventions included encouragement to report to hospital rapidly after the onset of clinical symptoms, contact tracing for confirmed and suspected cases, and quarantining, monitoring, and restricting the travel of contacts. The mean incubation period of the disease is estimated to be 6.4 days (95% CI 5.2-7.7). The mean time from onset of clinical symptoms to admission to hospital varied between 3 and 5 days, with longer times earlier in the epidemic. The estimated case fatality rate was 13.2% (9.8-16.8) for patients younger than 60 years and 43.3% (35.2-52.4) for patients aged 60 years or older assuming a parametric gamma distribution. A non-parametric method yielded estimates of 6.8% (4.0-9.6) and 55.0% (45.3-64.7), respectively. Case clusters have played an important part in the course of the epidemic.Interpretation: Patients' age was strongly associated with outcome. The time between onset of symptoms and admission to hospital did not alter outcome, but shorter intervals will be important to the wider population by restricting the infectious period before patients are placed in quarantine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Lancet is the property of Lancet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Donnelly+CA%22">Donnelly CA</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ghani+AC%22">Ghani AC</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Leung+GM%22">Leung GM</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hedley+AJ%22">Hedley AJ</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fraser+C%22">Fraser C</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Riley+S%22">Riley S</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abu-Raddad+LJ%22">Abu-Raddad LJ</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ho+L%22">Ho L</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thach+T%22">Thach T</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chau+P%22">Chau P</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chan+K%22">Chan K</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lam+T%22">Lam T</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tse+L%22">Tse L</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tsang+T%22">Tsang T</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu+S%22">Liu S</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kong+JHB%22">Kong JHB</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lau+EMC%22">Lau EMC</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ferguson+NM%22">Ferguson NM</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anderson+RM%22">Anderson RM</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Donnelly%2C+Christl+A%22">Donnelly, Christl A</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Lancet%22">Lancet</searchLink>. 5/24/2003, Vol. 361 Issue 9371, p1761-1766. 6p.
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  Data: <bold>Background: </bold>Health authorities worldwide, especially in the Asia Pacific region, are seeking effective public-health interventions in the continuing epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). We assessed the epidemiology of SARS in Hong Kong.<bold>Methods: </bold>We included 1425 cases reported up to April 28, 2003. An integrated database was constructed from several sources containing information on epidemiological, demographic, and clinical variables. We estimated the key epidemiological distributions: infection to onset, onset to admission, admission to death, and admission to discharge. We measured associations between the estimated case fatality rate and patients' age and the time from onset to admission.<bold>Findings: </bold>After the initial phase of exponential growth, the rate of confirmed cases fell to less than 20 per day by April 28. Public-health interventions included encouragement to report to hospital rapidly after the onset of clinical symptoms, contact tracing for confirmed and suspected cases, and quarantining, monitoring, and restricting the travel of contacts. The mean incubation period of the disease is estimated to be 6.4 days (95% CI 5.2-7.7). The mean time from onset of clinical symptoms to admission to hospital varied between 3 and 5 days, with longer times earlier in the epidemic. The estimated case fatality rate was 13.2% (9.8-16.8) for patients younger than 60 years and 43.3% (35.2-52.4) for patients aged 60 years or older assuming a parametric gamma distribution. A non-parametric method yielded estimates of 6.8% (4.0-9.6) and 55.0% (45.3-64.7), respectively. Case clusters have played an important part in the course of the epidemic.<bold>Interpretation: </bold>Patients' age was strongly associated with outcome. The time between onset of symptoms and admission to hospital did not alter outcome, but shorter intervals will be important to the wider population by restricting the infectious period before patients are placed in quarantine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Lancet is the property of Lancet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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