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A prospective study of whole-grain intake and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in US women.

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Title: A prospective study of whole-grain intake and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in US women.
Authors: Liu S (AUTHOR), Manson JE (AUTHOR), Stampfer MJ (AUTHOR), Hu FB (AUTHOR), Giovannucci E (AUTHOR), Colditz GA (AUTHOR), Hennekens CH (AUTHOR), Willett WC (AUTHOR)
Source: American Journal of Public Health. Sep2000, Vol. 90 Issue 9, p1409-1415. 7p.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examined the association between intake of whole vs refined grain and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: We used a food frequency questionnaire for repeated dietary assessments to prospectively evaluate the relation between whole-grain intake and the risk of diabetes mellitus in a cohort of 75,521 women aged 38 to 63 years without a previous diagnosis of diabetes or cardiovascular disease in 1984. RESULTS: During the 10-year follow-up, we confirmed 1879 incident cases of diabetes mellitus. When the highest and the lowest quintiles of intake were compared, the age and energy-adjusted relative risks were 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.53, 0.71, P trend < .0001) for whole grain, 1.31 (95% CI = 1.12, 1.53, P trend = .0003) for refined grain, and 1.57 (95% CI = 1.36, 1.82, P trend < .0001) for the ratio of refined- to whole-grain intake. These findings remained significant in multivariate analyses. The findings were most evident for women with a body mass index greater than 25 and were not entirely explained by dietary fiber, magnesium, and vitamin E. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that substituting whole- for refined-grain products may decrease the risk of diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: A prospective study of whole-grain intake and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in US women.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Liu+S%22&quot;&gt;Liu S&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Manson+JE%22&quot;&gt;Manson JE&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Stampfer+MJ%22&quot;&gt;Stampfer MJ&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Hu+FB%22&quot;&gt;Hu FB&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Giovannucci+E%22&quot;&gt;Giovannucci E&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Colditz+GA%22&quot;&gt;Colditz GA&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Hennekens+CH%22&quot;&gt;Hennekens CH&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Willett+WC%22&quot;&gt;Willett WC&lt;/searchLink&gt; (AUTHOR)
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22American+Journal+of+Public+Health%22&quot;&gt;American Journal of Public Health&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Sep2000, Vol. 90 Issue 9, p1409-1415. 7p.
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: OBJECTIVES: This study examined the association between intake of whole vs refined grain and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: We used a food frequency questionnaire for repeated dietary assessments to prospectively evaluate the relation between whole-grain intake and the risk of diabetes mellitus in a cohort of 75,521 women aged 38 to 63 years without a previous diagnosis of diabetes or cardiovascular disease in 1984. RESULTS: During the 10-year follow-up, we confirmed 1879 incident cases of diabetes mellitus. When the highest and the lowest quintiles of intake were compared, the age and energy-adjusted relative risks were 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.53, 0.71, P trend &lt; .0001) for whole grain, 1.31 (95% CI = 1.12, 1.53, P trend = .0003) for refined grain, and 1.57 (95% CI = 1.36, 1.82, P trend &lt; .0001) for the ratio of refined- to whole-grain intake. These findings remained significant in multivariate analyses. The findings were most evident for women with a body mass index greater than 25 and were not entirely explained by dietary fiber, magnesium, and vitamin E. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that substituting whole- for refined-grain products may decrease the risk of diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of American Journal of Public Health is the property of American Public Health Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.2105/ajph.90.9.1409
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        Text: English
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              Text: Sep2000
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              Y: 2000
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