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Looking and touching: what extant approaches reveal about the structure of early word knowledge.

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Title: Looking and touching: what extant approaches reveal about the structure of early word knowledge.
Authors: Hendrickson, Kristi, Mitsven, Samantha, Poulin‐Dubois, Diane, Zesiger, Pascal, Friend, Margaret
Source: Developmental Science. Sep2015, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p723-735. 13p.
Subjects: Vision in infants, Touch, Eye tracking, Infant physiology, Visual optics
Abstract: The goal of the current study is to assess the temporal dynamics of vision and action to evaluate the underlying word representations that guide infants' responses. Sixteen-month-old infants participated in a two-alternative forced-choice word-picture matching task. We conducted a moment-by-moment analysis of looking and reaching behaviors as they occurred in tandem to assess the speed with which a prompted word was processed (visual reaction time) as a function of the type of haptic response: Target, Distractor, or No Touch. Visual reaction times (visual RTs) were significantly slower during No Touches compared to Distractor and Target Touches, which were statistically indistinguishable. The finding that visual RTs were significantly faster during Distractor Touches compared to No Touches suggests that incorrect and absent haptic responses appear to index distinct knowledge states: incorrect responses are associated with partial knowledge whereas absent responses appear to reflect a true failure to map lexical items to their target referents. Further, we found that those children who were faster at processing words were also those children who exhibited better haptic performance. This research provides a methodological clarification on knowledge measured by the visual and haptic modalities and new evidence for a continuum of word knowledge in the second year of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Developmental Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Looking and touching: what extant approaches reveal about the structure of early word knowledge.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hendrickson%2C+Kristi%22">Hendrickson, Kristi</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mitsven%2C+Samantha%22">Mitsven, Samantha</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Poulin‐Dubois%2C+Diane%22">Poulin‐Dubois, Diane</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zesiger%2C+Pascal%22">Zesiger, Pascal</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Friend%2C+Margaret%22">Friend, Margaret</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Developmental+Science%22">Developmental Science</searchLink>. Sep2015, Vol. 18 Issue 5, p723-735. 13p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vision+in+infants%22">Vision in infants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Touch%22">Touch</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Eye+tracking%22">Eye tracking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Infant+physiology%22">Infant physiology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Visual+optics%22">Visual optics</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The goal of the current study is to assess the temporal dynamics of vision and action to evaluate the underlying word representations that guide infants' responses. Sixteen-month-old infants participated in a two-alternative forced-choice word-picture matching task. We conducted a moment-by-moment analysis of looking and reaching behaviors as they occurred in tandem to assess the speed with which a prompted word was processed (visual reaction time) as a function of the type of haptic response: Target, Distractor, or No Touch. Visual reaction times (visual RTs) were significantly slower during No Touches compared to Distractor and Target Touches, which were statistically indistinguishable. The finding that visual RTs were significantly faster during Distractor Touches compared to No Touches suggests that incorrect and absent haptic responses appear to index distinct knowledge states: incorrect responses are associated with partial knowledge whereas absent responses appear to reflect a true failure to map lexical items to their target referents. Further, we found that those children who were faster at processing words were also those children who exhibited better haptic performance. This research provides a methodological clarification on knowledge measured by the visual and haptic modalities and new evidence for a continuum of word knowledge in the second year of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Developmental Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/desc.12250
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Eye tracking
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              Text: Sep2015
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