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Effects and Mechanism of Combination of Rhein and Danshensu in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease.

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Title: Effects and Mechanism of Combination of Rhein and Danshensu in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease.
Authors: Guan, Yue, Wu, Xiao-Xiao, Duan, Jia-Lin, Yin, Ying, Guo, Chao, Wei, Guo, Wang, Yan-Hua, Zhu, Yan-Rong, Weng, Yan, Xi, Miao-Miao, Wen, Ai-Dong
Source: American Journal of Chinese Medicine. 2015, Vol. 43 Issue 7, p1381-1400. 20p. 8 Graphs.
Subjects: Treatment of chronic kidney failure, Analysis of variance, Animal experimentation, Cytokines, Diagnostic imaging, Immunohistochemistry, Interleukins, Medicinal plants, Botanic medicine, Chinese medicine, Pathology, Probability theory, Rats, Research funding, RNA, Ultrasonic imaging, Western immunoblotting, Treatment effectiveness, Data analysis software, Nephrectomy
Abstract: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a systemic role in disease treatment, targeting multiple etiological factors simultaneously. Based on clinical experience, rhubarb and Salvia miltiorrhiza are commonly prescribed together for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and have been proven to be very effective. However, the rationale of the combination remains unclear. The major active ingredients of these two herbs are rhein (RH) and danshensu (DSS), respectively. The aim of this paper is to investigate the renoprotective effects of RH and DSS in vitro and in vivo, and the underlying mechanism. A total of 5/6 nephrectomy rats and HK-2 cells were subjected to chronic renal injury. The combination of RH and DSS conferred a protective effect, as shown by a significant improvement in the renal function, blood supply, and fibrotic degree. Proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules were suppressed by RH and DSS through NK-B signaling. The combination also inhibited apoptosis by up-regulating Bcl-2 and down-regulating Bax. Inhibiting the TGF-/Smad3 pathway was at least in part involved in the antifibrotic mechanism of the combination treatment of RH and DSS. This study demonstrates for the first time the renoprotective effect and the mechanism of RH and DSS combination on chronic renal injury. It could provide experimental evidence to support the rationality of the combinatorial use of TCM in clinical practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of American Journal of Chinese Medicine is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Effects and Mechanism of Combination of Rhein and Danshensu in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guan%2C+Yue%22">Guan, Yue</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wu%2C+Xiao-Xiao%22">Wu, Xiao-Xiao</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Duan%2C+Jia-Lin%22">Duan, Jia-Lin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Yin%2C+Ying%22">Yin, Ying</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Guo%2C+Chao%22">Guo, Chao</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wei%2C+Guo%22">Wei, Guo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wang%2C+Yan-Hua%22">Wang, Yan-Hua</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhu%2C+Yan-Rong%22">Zhu, Yan-Rong</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Weng%2C+Yan%22">Weng, Yan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Xi%2C+Miao-Miao%22">Xi, Miao-Miao</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wen%2C+Ai-Dong%22">Wen, Ai-Dong</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22American+Journal+of+Chinese+Medicine%22">American Journal of Chinese Medicine</searchLink>. 2015, Vol. 43 Issue 7, p1381-1400. 20p. 8 Graphs.
– Name: Subject
  Label: Subjects
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Treatment+of+chronic+kidney+failure%22">Treatment of chronic kidney failure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analysis+of+variance%22">Analysis of variance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Animal+experimentation%22">Animal experimentation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cytokines%22">Cytokines</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diagnostic+imaging%22">Diagnostic imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Immunohistochemistry%22">Immunohistochemistry</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Interleukins%22">Interleukins</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medicinal+plants%22">Medicinal plants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Botanic+medicine%22">Botanic medicine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chinese+medicine%22">Chinese medicine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pathology%22">Pathology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Probability+theory%22">Probability theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rats%22">Rats</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22RNA%22">RNA</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ultrasonic+imaging%22">Ultrasonic imaging</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Western+immunoblotting%22">Western immunoblotting</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Treatment+effectiveness%22">Treatment effectiveness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Data+analysis+software%22">Data analysis software</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nephrectomy%22">Nephrectomy</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a systemic role in disease treatment, targeting multiple etiological factors simultaneously. Based on clinical experience, rhubarb and Salvia miltiorrhiza are commonly prescribed together for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and have been proven to be very effective. However, the rationale of the combination remains unclear. The major active ingredients of these two herbs are rhein (RH) and danshensu (DSS), respectively. The aim of this paper is to investigate the renoprotective effects of RH and DSS in vitro and in vivo, and the underlying mechanism. A total of 5/6 nephrectomy rats and HK-2 cells were subjected to chronic renal injury. The combination of RH and DSS conferred a protective effect, as shown by a significant improvement in the renal function, blood supply, and fibrotic degree. Proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules were suppressed by RH and DSS through NK-B signaling. The combination also inhibited apoptosis by up-regulating Bcl-2 and down-regulating Bax. Inhibiting the TGF-/Smad3 pathway was at least in part involved in the antifibrotic mechanism of the combination treatment of RH and DSS. This study demonstrates for the first time the renoprotective effect and the mechanism of RH and DSS combination on chronic renal injury. It could provide experimental evidence to support the rationality of the combinatorial use of TCM in clinical practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of American Journal of Chinese Medicine is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1142/S0192415X15500780
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 20
        StartPage: 1381
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Treatment of chronic kidney failure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Analysis of variance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Animal experimentation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cytokines
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Diagnostic imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Immunohistochemistry
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Interleukins
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medicinal plants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Botanic medicine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chinese medicine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pathology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Probability theory
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Rats
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: RNA
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ultrasonic imaging
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Western immunoblotting
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Treatment effectiveness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Data analysis software
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Nephrectomy
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    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Effects and Mechanism of Combination of Rhein and Danshensu in the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease.
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              Text: 2015
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