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Methoxetamine: An early report on the motivations for use, effect profile and prevalence of use in a UK clubbing sample.

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Title: Methoxetamine: An early report on the motivations for use, effect profile and prevalence of use in a UK clubbing sample.
Authors: Winstock, Adam R., Lawn, Will, Deluca, Paolo, Borschmann, Rohan
Source: Drug & Alcohol Review. Mar2016, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p212-217. 6p.
Subjects: Psychiatric drugs, Ketamine, Drug addiction, People with drug addiction, Substance abuse research, Comparative studies, Drugs of abuse, Hallucinogenic drugs, Hydrocarbons, Research methodology, Medical cooperation, Motivation (Psychology), Research, Substance abuse, Evaluation research, Disease prevalence, Cross-sectional method, Pharmacodynamics
Abstract: Introduction and Aims: To assess the prevalence of use and subjective effect profile of methoxetamine among a group of polydrug users. Design and Methods: Cross-sectional, anonymous, online survey of UK-based polydrug users was conducted. Prevalence of lifetime, last year and last month use, sourcing of the drugs, motivations for use, and subjective effect and risk profile compared with that of ketamine were measured. Results: There were 7700 UK-based polydrug users, of whom 326 reported recent use of methoxetamine. Of the whole sample, 4.2% reported last 12 month use of methoxetamine compared with 24.5% for ketamine. The most common route of use was intranasal and the predominate effect described as psychedelic. Of the 15.5% of last year users of ketamine reporting last year use of methoxetamine, only 18.7% reported that they thought methoxetamine was less damaging to their kidneys or bladder than ketamine. Its broad effect profile, based on participants' first experience of use, was very similar to that of ketamine. Almost one-third of users reported that they did not intend to try the drug again. Discussion and Conclusions: Methoxetamine appears to have a broadly similar effect profile to that of ketamine. Only a minority of participants were motivated to use it because they believed it was less damaging to their kidneys or bladder than ketamine. The impact of the recent temporary banning order on availability and use of both methoxetamine and ketamine should be monitored carefully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Drug & Alcohol Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Methoxetamine: An early report on the motivations for use, effect profile and prevalence of use in a UK clubbing sample.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Winstock%2C+Adam+R%2E%22">Winstock, Adam R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lawn%2C+Will%22">Lawn, Will</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Deluca%2C+Paolo%22">Deluca, Paolo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Borschmann%2C+Rohan%22">Borschmann, Rohan</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Drug+%26+Alcohol+Review%22">Drug & Alcohol Review</searchLink>. Mar2016, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p212-217. 6p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychiatric+drugs%22">Psychiatric drugs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ketamine%22">Ketamine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+addiction%22">Drug addiction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22People+with+drug+addiction%22">People with drug addiction</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substance+abuse+research%22">Substance abuse research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Comparative+studies%22">Comparative studies</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drugs+of+abuse%22">Drugs of abuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hallucinogenic+drugs%22">Hallucinogenic drugs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrocarbons%22">Hydrocarbons</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+methodology%22">Research methodology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+cooperation%22">Medical cooperation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Motivation+%28Psychology%29%22">Motivation (Psychology)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research%22">Research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substance+abuse%22">Substance abuse</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evaluation+research%22">Evaluation research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+prevalence%22">Disease prevalence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cross-sectional+method%22">Cross-sectional method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pharmacodynamics%22">Pharmacodynamics</searchLink>
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  Data: <bold>Introduction and Aims: </bold>To assess the prevalence of use and subjective effect profile of methoxetamine among a group of polydrug users. <bold>Design and Methods: </bold>Cross-sectional, anonymous, online survey of UK-based polydrug users was conducted. Prevalence of lifetime, last year and last month use, sourcing of the drugs, motivations for use, and subjective effect and risk profile compared with that of ketamine were measured. <bold>Results: </bold>There were 7700 UK-based polydrug users, of whom 326 reported recent use of methoxetamine. Of the whole sample, 4.2% reported last 12 month use of methoxetamine compared with 24.5% for ketamine. The most common route of use was intranasal and the predominate effect described as psychedelic. Of the 15.5% of last year users of ketamine reporting last year use of methoxetamine, only 18.7% reported that they thought methoxetamine was less damaging to their kidneys or bladder than ketamine. Its broad effect profile, based on participants' first experience of use, was very similar to that of ketamine. Almost one-third of users reported that they did not intend to try the drug again. <bold>Discussion and Conclusions: </bold>Methoxetamine appears to have a broadly similar effect profile to that of ketamine. Only a minority of participants were motivated to use it because they believed it was less damaging to their kidneys or bladder than ketamine. The impact of the recent temporary banning order on availability and use of both methoxetamine and ketamine should be monitored carefully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Drug & Alcohol Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/dar.12259
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 6
        StartPage: 212
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Psychiatric drugs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ketamine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Drug addiction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: People with drug addiction
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Comparative studies
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Drugs of abuse
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hallucinogenic drugs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrocarbons
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research methodology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Medical cooperation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Motivation (Psychology)
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      – SubjectFull: Research
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      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Evaluation research
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      – SubjectFull: Disease prevalence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cross-sectional method
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pharmacodynamics
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Methoxetamine: An early report on the motivations for use, effect profile and prevalence of use in a UK clubbing sample.
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            NameFull: Winstock, Adam R.
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            NameFull: Lawn, Will
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            NameFull: Deluca, Paolo
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              Text: Mar2016
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