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Obesity leads to declines in motor skills across childhood.

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Title: Obesity leads to declines in motor skills across childhood.
Authors: Cheng, J., East, P., Blanco, E., Kang Sim, E., Castillo, M., Lozoff, B., Gahagan, S.
Source: Child: Care, Health & Development. May2016, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p343-350. 8p. 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Movement disorders, Analysis of covariance, Chi-squared test, Statistical correlation, Iron deficiency anemia, Childhood obesity, Physical fitness, Research funding, Body mass index, Structural equation modeling, Physical activity, Disease complications, Children, Disease risk factors
Geographic Terms: Chile
Abstract: Background Poor motor skills have been consistently linked with a higher body weight in childhood, but the causal direction of this association is not fully understood. This study investigated the temporal ordering between children's motor skills and weight status at 5 and 10 years. Methods Participants were 668 children (54% male) who were studied from infancy as part of an iron deficiency anaemia preventive trial and follow-up study in Santiago, Chile. All were healthy, full-term and weighing 3 kg or more at birth. Cross-lagged panel modelling was conducted to understand the temporal precedence between children's weight status and motor proficiency. Analyses also examined differences in gross and fine motor skills among healthy weight, overweight, and obese children. Results A higher BMI at 5 years contributed to declines in motor proficiency from 5 to 10 years. There was no support for the reverse, that is, poor motor skills at 5 years did not predict increases in relative weight from 5 to 10 years. Obesity at 5 years also predicted declines in motor proficiency. When compared with normal weight children, obese children had significantly poorer total and gross motor skills at both 5 and 10 years. Overweight children had poorer total and gross motor skills at 10 years only. The differences in total and gross motor skills among normal weight, overweight and obese children appear to increase with age. There were small differences in fine motor skill between obese and non-obese children at 5 years only. Conclusions Obesity preceded declines in motor skills and not the reverse. Study findings suggest that early childhood obesity intervention efforts might help prevent declines in motor proficiency that, in turn, may positively impact children's physical activity and overall fitness levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Child: Care, Health & Development is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Obesity leads to declines in motor skills across childhood.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cheng%2C+J%2E%22">Cheng, J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22East%2C+P%2E%22">East, P.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Blanco%2C+E%2E%22">Blanco, E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kang+Sim%2C+E%2E%22">Kang Sim, E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Castillo%2C+M%2E%22">Castillo, M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lozoff%2C+B%2E%22">Lozoff, B.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gahagan%2C+S%2E%22">Gahagan, S.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Child%3A+Care%2C+Health+%26+Development%22">Child: Care, Health & Development</searchLink>. May2016, Vol. 42 Issue 3, p343-350. 8p. 3 Diagrams, 3 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Movement+disorders%22">Movement disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Analysis+of+covariance%22">Analysis of covariance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chi-squared+test%22">Chi-squared test</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Statistical+correlation%22">Statistical correlation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Iron+deficiency+anemia%22">Iron deficiency anemia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Childhood+obesity%22">Childhood obesity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physical+fitness%22">Physical fitness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Research+funding%22">Research funding</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Body+mass+index%22">Body mass index</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Structural+equation+modeling%22">Structural equation modeling</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physical+activity%22">Physical activity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+complications%22">Disease complications</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+risk+factors%22">Disease risk factors</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chile%22">Chile</searchLink>
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  Data: Background Poor motor skills have been consistently linked with a higher body weight in childhood, but the causal direction of this association is not fully understood. This study investigated the temporal ordering between children's motor skills and weight status at 5 and 10 years. Methods Participants were 668 children (54% male) who were studied from infancy as part of an iron deficiency anaemia preventive trial and follow-up study in Santiago, Chile. All were healthy, full-term and weighing 3 kg or more at birth. Cross-lagged panel modelling was conducted to understand the temporal precedence between children's weight status and motor proficiency. Analyses also examined differences in gross and fine motor skills among healthy weight, overweight, and obese children. Results A higher BMI at 5 years contributed to declines in motor proficiency from 5 to 10 years. There was no support for the reverse, that is, poor motor skills at 5 years did not predict increases in relative weight from 5 to 10 years. Obesity at 5 years also predicted declines in motor proficiency. When compared with normal weight children, obese children had significantly poorer total and gross motor skills at both 5 and 10 years. Overweight children had poorer total and gross motor skills at 10 years only. The differences in total and gross motor skills among normal weight, overweight and obese children appear to increase with age. There were small differences in fine motor skill between obese and non-obese children at 5 years only. Conclusions Obesity preceded declines in motor skills and not the reverse. Study findings suggest that early childhood obesity intervention efforts might help prevent declines in motor proficiency that, in turn, may positively impact children's physical activity and overall fitness levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Child: Care, Health & Development is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/cch.12336
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 8
        StartPage: 343
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Movement disorders
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Analysis of covariance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chi-squared test
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Statistical correlation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Iron deficiency anemia
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Childhood obesity
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      – SubjectFull: Physical fitness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Research funding
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      – SubjectFull: Body mass index
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      – SubjectFull: Structural equation modeling
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      – SubjectFull: Physical activity
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      – SubjectFull: Disease complications
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      – SubjectFull: Children
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      – SubjectFull: Disease risk factors
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      – SubjectFull: Chile
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      – TitleFull: Obesity leads to declines in motor skills across childhood.
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              Text: May2016
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