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Distinct white-matter aberrations in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and patients at ultra-high risk for psychosis.

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Title: Distinct white-matter aberrations in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and patients at ultra-high risk for psychosis.
Authors: Bakker, G., Caan, M. W. A., Schluter, R. S., Bloemen, O. J. N, da Silva- Alves, F., de Koning, M. B., Boot, E., Vingerhoets, W. A. M., Nieman, D. H., de Haan, L., Booij, J., van Amelsvoort, T. A. M. J.
Source: Psychological Medicine. Aug2016, Vol. 46 Issue 11, p2299-2311. 13p.
Subjects: Radiography, Psychoses risk factors, Biomarkers, Brain, Comparative studies, Magnetic resonance imaging, 22q11 deletion syndrome, Descriptive statistics
Abstract: BackgroundPatients with a deletion at chromosome 22q11.2 (22q11DS) have 30% lifetime risk of developing a psychosis. People fulfilling clinical criteria for ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis have 30% risk of developing a psychosis within 2 years. Both high-risk groups show white-matter (WM) abnormalities in microstructure and volume compared to healthy controls (HC), which have been related to psychotic symptoms. Comparisons of WM pathology between these two groups may specify WM markers related to genetic and clinical risk factors.MethodFractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD) and mean diffusivity (MD) were assessed using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and WM volume with structural MRI, in 23 UHR patients, 21 22q11DS patients, and 33 HC.ResultsCompared to UHR patients 22q11DS patients had (1) lower AD and RD in corpus callosum (CC), cortical fasciculi, and anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), (2) higher FA in CC and ATR, and (3) lower occipital and superior temporal gyrus WM volume. Compared to HC, 22q11DS patients had (1) lower AD and RD throughout cortical fasciculi and (2) higher FA in ATR, CC and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Compared to HC, UHR patients had (1) higher mean MD, RD, and AD in CC, ATR and cortical fasciculi, (2) no differences in FA.ConclusionsUHR and 22q11DS patients share a susceptibility for developing psychosis yet were characterized by distinct patterns of WM alterations relative to HC. While UHR patients were typified by signs suggestive of aberrant myelination, 22q11DS subjects showed signs suggestive of lower axonal integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Distinct white-matter aberrations in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and patients at ultra-high risk for psychosis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bakker%2C+G%2E%22">Bakker, G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Caan%2C+M%2E+W%2E+A%2E%22">Caan, M. W. A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Schluter%2C+R%2E+S%2E%22">Schluter, R. S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bloemen%2C+O%2E+J%2E+N%22">Bloemen, O. J. N</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22da+Silva-+Alves%2C+F%2E%22">da Silva- Alves, F.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Koning%2C+M%2E+B%2E%22">de Koning, M. B.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Boot%2C+E%2E%22">Boot, E.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vingerhoets%2C+W%2E+A%2E+M%2E%22">Vingerhoets, W. A. M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nieman%2C+D%2E+H%2E%22">Nieman, D. H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Haan%2C+L%2E%22">de Haan, L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Booij%2C+J%2E%22">Booij, J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22van+Amelsvoort%2C+T%2E+A%2E+M%2E+J%2E%22">van Amelsvoort, T. A. M. J.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Medicine%22">Psychological Medicine</searchLink>. Aug2016, Vol. 46 Issue 11, p2299-2311. 13p.
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  Data: BackgroundPatients with a deletion at chromosome 22q11.2 (22q11DS) have 30% lifetime risk of developing a psychosis. People fulfilling clinical criteria for ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis have 30% risk of developing a psychosis within 2 years. Both high-risk groups show white-matter (WM) abnormalities in microstructure and volume compared to healthy controls (HC), which have been related to psychotic symptoms. Comparisons of WM pathology between these two groups may specify WM markers related to genetic and clinical risk factors.MethodFractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD) and mean diffusivity (MD) were assessed using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and WM volume with structural MRI, in 23 UHR patients, 21 22q11DS patients, and 33 HC.ResultsCompared to UHR patients 22q11DS patients had (1) lower AD and RD in corpus callosum (CC), cortical fasciculi, and anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), (2) higher FA in CC and ATR, and (3) lower occipital and superior temporal gyrus WM volume. Compared to HC, 22q11DS patients had (1) lower AD and RD throughout cortical fasciculi and (2) higher FA in ATR, CC and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Compared to HC, UHR patients had (1) higher mean MD, RD, and AD in CC, ATR and cortical fasciculi, (2) no differences in FA.ConclusionsUHR and 22q11DS patients share a susceptibility for developing psychosis yet were characterized by distinct patterns of WM alterations relative to HC. While UHR patients were typified by signs suggestive of aberrant myelination, 22q11DS subjects showed signs suggestive of lower axonal integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1017/S0033291716000970
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