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Cognitive-behavioural therapy for heroin and cocaine use: Ecological momentary assessment of homework simplification and compliance.

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Title: Cognitive-behavioural therapy for heroin and cocaine use: Ecological momentary assessment of homework simplification and compliance.
Authors: Willner‐Reid, Jessica, Whitaker, Damiya, Epstein, David H., Phillips, Karran A., Pulaski, Amber R., Preston, Kenzie L., Willner, Paul
Source: Psychology & Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice. Sep2016, Vol. 89 Issue 3, p276-293. 18p.
Subjects: Substance abuse treatment, Cocaine, Cognitive therapy, Desire, Heroin, Health outcome assessment, Projective techniques, Psychological tests, Drug abusers, Health care reminder systems, Diary (Literary form)
Abstract: Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of homework-task difficulty and electronic-diary reminders on written homework completion during cognitive-behavioural therapy ( CBT) for addiction. Completion of homework is an important element in CBT that may affect outcome. Design All participants received all combinations of our two interventions in a factorial 2 × 2 counterbalanced Latin-square design. Methods Methadone-maintained cocaine and heroin users were given homework between each of 12 weekly CBT sessions and carried electronic diaries that collected ecological momentary assessment ( EMA) data on craving and exposure to drug-use triggers in four 3-week blocks assessing two levels of homework difficulty and prompted and unprompted homework. Results Neither simplified (picture-based) homework nor electronic reminders increased homework completion. In EMA reports, standard but not simplified homework seemed to buffer the craving that followed environmental exposure to drug cues. EMA recordings before and after the CBT intervention confirmed a decrease over time in craving for cocaine and heroin. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the utility of EMA to assess treatment effects. However, the hypothesis that simplified homework would increase compliance was not supported. Practitioner points Our simplifications of homework assignments for cognitive-behavioural therapy were mostly ineffective, or even counterproductive, perhaps because they did not engage sufficient depth of processing or because they were perceived as too simplistic., Our reminder beeps for homework were mostly ineffective, or even counterproductive, suggesting that mobile electronic interventions for substance-use disorders may need to be more interactive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Psychology & Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Cognitive-behavioural therapy for heroin and cocaine use: Ecological momentary assessment of homework simplification and compliance.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Willner‐Reid%2C+Jessica%22">Willner‐Reid, Jessica</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Whitaker%2C+Damiya%22">Whitaker, Damiya</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Epstein%2C+David+H%2E%22">Epstein, David H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Phillips%2C+Karran+A%2E%22">Phillips, Karran A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pulaski%2C+Amber+R%2E%22">Pulaski, Amber R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Preston%2C+Kenzie+L%2E%22">Preston, Kenzie L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Willner%2C+Paul%22">Willner, Paul</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychology+%26+Psychotherapy%3A+Theory%2C+Research+%26+Practice%22">Psychology & Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice</searchLink>. Sep2016, Vol. 89 Issue 3, p276-293. 18p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Substance+abuse+treatment%22">Substance abuse treatment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cocaine%22">Cocaine</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+therapy%22">Cognitive therapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Desire%22">Desire</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heroin%22">Heroin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+outcome+assessment%22">Health outcome assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Projective+techniques%22">Projective techniques</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+tests%22">Psychological tests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Drug+abusers%22">Drug abusers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+care+reminder+systems%22">Health care reminder systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Diary+%28Literary+form%29%22">Diary (Literary form)</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of homework-task difficulty and electronic-diary reminders on written homework completion during cognitive-behavioural therapy ( CBT) for addiction. Completion of homework is an important element in CBT that may affect outcome. Design All participants received all combinations of our two interventions in a factorial 2 × 2 counterbalanced Latin-square design. Methods Methadone-maintained cocaine and heroin users were given homework between each of 12 weekly CBT sessions and carried electronic diaries that collected ecological momentary assessment ( EMA) data on craving and exposure to drug-use triggers in four 3-week blocks assessing two levels of homework difficulty and prompted and unprompted homework. Results Neither simplified (picture-based) homework nor electronic reminders increased homework completion. In EMA reports, standard but not simplified homework seemed to buffer the craving that followed environmental exposure to drug cues. EMA recordings before and after the CBT intervention confirmed a decrease over time in craving for cocaine and heroin. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the utility of EMA to assess treatment effects. However, the hypothesis that simplified homework would increase compliance was not supported. Practitioner points Our simplifications of homework assignments for cognitive-behavioural therapy were mostly ineffective, or even counterproductive, perhaps because they did not engage sufficient depth of processing or because they were perceived as too simplistic., Our reminder beeps for homework were mostly ineffective, or even counterproductive, suggesting that mobile electronic interventions for substance-use disorders may need to be more interactive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychology & Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=117719249
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        Value: 10.1111/papt.12080
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        Text: English
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Substance abuse treatment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cocaine
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Cognitive therapy
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      – SubjectFull: Desire
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      – SubjectFull: Heroin
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Health outcome assessment
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      – SubjectFull: Projective techniques
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      – SubjectFull: Psychological tests
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      – SubjectFull: Drug abusers
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      – SubjectFull: Health care reminder systems
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              Text: Sep2016
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