A prospective, longitudinal study of the relationship of psychological work to duration of survival in patients with metastatic cancer.
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| Title: | A prospective, longitudinal study of the relationship of psychological work to duration of survival in patients with metastatic cancer. |
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| Authors: | Cunningham, A. J., Edmonds, C. V. I., Phillips, C., Soots, K. I., Hedley, D., Lockwood, G. A. |
| Source: | Psycho-Oncology. Jul/Aug2000, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p323-339. 17p. |
| Subjects: | Psycho-oncology, Cancer patients, Longitudinal method, Group psychotherapy, Health behavior, Metastasis |
| Abstract: | This study is a prospective, longitudinal investigation of the psychological factors associated with the duration of survival in patients with metastatic cancers of various kinds who were receiving group psychotherapy. A correlative approach rather than an experimental (trials) design was used in the study because our aim was to relate the psychological attributes of each individual to survival rather than to test the efficacy of the intervention. Twenty-two patients with medically incurable metastatic cancer of various kinds received weekly group psychotherapy for up to 1 year, the great majority remaining well enough to attend the group for at least 8 months. During this time, they provided extensive verbal data, through written homework, and from notes taken by the therapists at interviews and during group sessions. These data were subjected to detailed qualitative analysis, as a result of which a number of psychological themes were defined. A quantitative rating was assigned to the data for each theme in each individual patient through team discussions. The scores for the individual themes were summed to produce a ‘total psychological score’, representing the degree of each patient's involvement with psychological self-help work. The values for each patient were then related to his or her survival duration. Cox regression analyses showed that this composite score, and five of six major themes, were significantly related to survival duration. These themes were: ability to act and change; willingness to initiate change; application to self-help work; relationships with others; and quality of experience. In contrast, there was no relationship between survival and four standard psychometric measures taken at the onset of therapy. However, results on a 5-point scale measuring the subject's expectancy that psychological efforts would affect the disease showed a strong relationship to survival. To control for differences in severity of disease as a factor possibly influencing psychological work, the analyses were repeated, using the survival duration predicted for each patient by a panel of oncologists as a covariate. Closely similar results were obtained. Limitations on the interpretation of the results are discussed. Within these limits, it appears that there is a strong association between longer survival and psychological factors related to the involvement of cancer patients in psychological self-help activities. While causality cannot be inferred, reasons are given for believing that this is not a result of the disease influencing the patients' psychology, but rather the converse. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Psycho-Oncology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
| FullText | Links: – Type: pdflink Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: pbh DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection An: 11819279 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: A prospective, longitudinal study of the relationship of psychological work to duration of survival in patients with metastatic cancer. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cunningham%2C+A%2E+J%2E%22">Cunningham, A. J.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Edmonds%2C+C%2E+V%2E+I%2E%22">Edmonds, C. V. I.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Phillips%2C+C%2E%22">Phillips, C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Soots%2C+K%2E+I%2E%22">Soots, K. I.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hedley%2C+D%2E%22">Hedley, D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lockwood%2C+G%2E+A%2E%22">Lockwood, G. A.</searchLink> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psycho-Oncology%22">Psycho-Oncology</searchLink>. Jul/Aug2000, Vol. 9 Issue 4, p323-339. 17p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psycho-oncology%22">Psycho-oncology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cancer+patients%22">Cancer patients</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Longitudinal+method%22">Longitudinal method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Group+psychotherapy%22">Group psychotherapy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+behavior%22">Health behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Metastasis%22">Metastasis</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: This study is a prospective, longitudinal investigation of the psychological factors associated with the duration of survival in patients with metastatic cancers of various kinds who were receiving group psychotherapy. A correlative approach rather than an experimental (trials) design was used in the study because our aim was to relate the psychological attributes of each individual to survival rather than to test the efficacy of the intervention. Twenty-two patients with medically incurable metastatic cancer of various kinds received weekly group psychotherapy for up to 1 year, the great majority remaining well enough to attend the group for at least 8 months. During this time, they provided extensive verbal data, through written homework, and from notes taken by the therapists at interviews and during group sessions. These data were subjected to detailed qualitative analysis, as a result of which a number of psychological themes were defined. A quantitative rating was assigned to the data for each theme in each individual patient through team discussions. The scores for the individual themes were summed to produce a ‘total psychological score’, representing the degree of each patient's involvement with psychological self-help work. The values for each patient were then related to his or her survival duration. Cox regression analyses showed that this composite score, and five of six major themes, were significantly related to survival duration. These themes were: ability to act and change; willingness to initiate change; application to self-help work; relationships with others; and quality of experience. In contrast, there was no relationship between survival and four standard psychometric measures taken at the onset of therapy. However, results on a 5-point scale measuring the subject's expectancy that psychological efforts would affect the disease showed a strong relationship to survival. To control for differences in severity of disease as a factor possibly influencing psychological work, the analyses were repeated, using the survival duration predicted for each patient by a panel of oncologists as a covariate. Closely similar results were obtained. Limitations on the interpretation of the results are discussed. Within these limits, it appears that there is a strong association between longer survival and psychological factors related to the involvement of cancer patients in psychological self-help activities. While causality cannot be inferred, reasons are given for believing that this is not a result of the disease influencing the patients' psychology, but rather the converse. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Psycho-Oncology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1002/1099-1611(200007/08)9:4<323::AID-PON465>3.0.CO;2-B Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 17 StartPage: 323 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Psycho-oncology Type: general – SubjectFull: Cancer patients Type: general – SubjectFull: Longitudinal method Type: general – SubjectFull: Group psychotherapy Type: general – SubjectFull: Health behavior Type: general – SubjectFull: Metastasis Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: A prospective, longitudinal study of the relationship of psychological work to duration of survival in patients with metastatic cancer. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Cunningham, A. J. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Edmonds, C. V. I. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Phillips, C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Soots, K. I. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Hedley, D. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Lockwood, G. A. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 07 Text: Jul/Aug2000 Type: published Y: 2000 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 10579249 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 9 – Type: issue Value: 4 Titles: – TitleFull: Psycho-Oncology Type: main |
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