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Longitudinal increase in the volume of white matter hyperintensities in late-onset depression.

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Title: Longitudinal increase in the volume of white matter hyperintensities in late-onset depression.
Authors: Nebes, Robert D., Reynolds III, Charles F., Boada, Fernando, Meltzer, Carolyn C., Fukui, Melanie B., Saxton, Judith, Halligan, Edythe M., DeKosky, Steven T.
Source: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. Jun2002, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p526-530. 5p. 1 Chart.
Subjects: Mental depression, Etiology of diseases, Cerebrovascular disease, Neurological disorders, Magnetic resonance imaging
Abstract: Background Cerebrovascular disease is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of geriatric major depression. One finding supporting such a ‘vascular depression’ is the increased neuropathology in the form of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) found in patients diagnosed with a late-onset depression. However, at present there is little evidence that a longitudinal increase in WMH burden within an individual is associated with the onset of a late-life depression. Methods This study examined three-year longitudinal change in WMH volume and in cognition in: (a) an older man who developed his first episode of major depression during the study period, and (b) a comparison group of twelve older individuals who remained depression free. All subjects received at baseline and three years later a structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using fast-FLAIR technology. The images were analyzed with semi-automated computerized software to obtain WMH volumes. Subjects also received at both time points the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) as well a series of cognitive tasks assessing executive abilities (verbal fluency, Trail Making Test and Stroop test) since executive dysfunction is thought to be characteristic of a vascular depression. Results The individual who became depressed during the followup showed an increase in WMH volume that exceeded the 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for change in the comparison group. This individual also showed a similar decline on the measures of executive function but not on the MMSE. Conclusions These results are consistent with cerebrovascular disease being a factor in the pathogenesis of late-onset depression (i.e. ‘vascular depression’). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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DbLabel: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Longitudinal increase in the volume of white matter hyperintensities in late-onset depression.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nebes%2C+Robert+D%2E%22">Nebes, Robert D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Reynolds+III%2C+Charles+F%2E%22">Reynolds III, Charles F.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Boada%2C+Fernando%22">Boada, Fernando</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Meltzer%2C+Carolyn+C%2E%22">Meltzer, Carolyn C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fukui%2C+Melanie+B%2E%22">Fukui, Melanie B.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Saxton%2C+Judith%22">Saxton, Judith</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Halligan%2C+Edythe+M%2E%22">Halligan, Edythe M.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22DeKosky%2C+Steven+T%2E%22">DeKosky, Steven T.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Journal+of+Geriatric+Psychiatry%22">International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry</searchLink>. Jun2002, Vol. 17 Issue 6, p526-530. 5p. 1 Chart.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression%22">Mental depression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Etiology+of+diseases%22">Etiology of diseases</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cerebrovascular+disease%22">Cerebrovascular disease</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neurological+disorders%22">Neurological disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+resonance+imaging%22">Magnetic resonance imaging</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
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  Data: Background Cerebrovascular disease is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of geriatric major depression. One finding supporting such a ‘vascular depression’ is the increased neuropathology in the form of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) found in patients diagnosed with a late-onset depression. However, at present there is little evidence that a longitudinal increase in WMH burden within an individual is associated with the onset of a late-life depression. Methods This study examined three-year longitudinal change in WMH volume and in cognition in: (a) an older man who developed his first episode of major depression during the study period, and (b) a comparison group of twelve older individuals who remained depression free. All subjects received at baseline and three years later a structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using fast-FLAIR technology. The images were analyzed with semi-automated computerized software to obtain WMH volumes. Subjects also received at both time points the Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) as well a series of cognitive tasks assessing executive abilities (verbal fluency, Trail Making Test and Stroop test) since executive dysfunction is thought to be characteristic of a vascular depression. Results The individual who became depressed during the followup showed an increase in WMH volume that exceeded the 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for change in the comparison group. This individual also showed a similar decline on the measures of executive function but not on the MMSE. Conclusions These results are consistent with cerebrovascular disease being a factor in the pathogenesis of late-onset depression (i.e. ‘vascular depression’). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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              Text: Jun2002
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