Neighborhood Disadvantage, Poor Social Conditions, and Cardiovascular Disease Incidence Among African American Adults in the Jackson Heart Study.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Neighborhood Disadvantage, Poor Social Conditions, and Cardiovascular Disease Incidence Among African American Adults in the Jackson Heart Study.
Authors:	Barber, Sharrelle, Hickson, DeMarc A., Xu Wang, Sims, Mario, Nelson, Cheryl, Diez-Roux, Ana V.
Source:	American Journal of Public Health. Dec2016, Vol. 106 Issue 12, p2219-2226. 8p.
Subjects:	Black people, Cardiovascular diseases, Cardiovascular diseases risk factors, Communities, Confidence intervals, Factor analysis, Income, Interviewing, Longitudinal method, Research methodology, Poisson distribution, Sex distribution, Social problems, Telephones, Violence, Socioeconomic factors, Educational attainment, Descriptive statistics
Geographic Terms:	Mississippi
Abstract:	Objectives. To examine the impact of neighborhood conditions resulting from racial residential segregation on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in a socioeconomically diverse African American sample. Methods. The study included 4096 African American women (n = 2652) and men (n = 1444) aged 21 to 93 years from the Jackson Heart Study (Jackson, Mississippi; 2000- 2011). We assessed neighborhood disadvantage with a composite measure of 8 indicators from the 2000 US Census. We assessed neighborhood-level social conditions, including social cohesion, violence, and disorder, with self-reported, validated scales. Results. Among African American women, each standard deviation increase in neighborhood disadvantage was associated with a 25% increased risk of CVD after covariate adjustment (hazard ratio = 1.25; 95% confidence interval = 1.05, 1.49). Risk also increased as levels of neighborhood violence and physical disorder increased after covariate adjustment. We observed no statistically significant associations among African American men in adjusted models. Conclusions. Worse neighborhood economic and social conditions may contribute to increased risk of CVD among African American women. Policies directly addressing these issues may alleviate the burden of CVD in this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection

Description
Abstract:	Objectives. To examine the impact of neighborhood conditions resulting from racial residential segregation on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in a socioeconomically diverse African American sample. Methods. The study included 4096 African American women (n = 2652) and men (n = 1444) aged 21 to 93 years from the Jackson Heart Study (Jackson, Mississippi; 2000- 2011). We assessed neighborhood disadvantage with a composite measure of 8 indicators from the 2000 US Census. We assessed neighborhood-level social conditions, including social cohesion, violence, and disorder, with self-reported, validated scales. Results. Among African American women, each standard deviation increase in neighborhood disadvantage was associated with a 25% increased risk of CVD after covariate adjustment (hazard ratio = 1.25; 95% confidence interval = 1.05, 1.49). Risk also increased as levels of neighborhood violence and physical disorder increased after covariate adjustment. We observed no statistically significant associations among African American men in adjusted models. Conclusions. Worse neighborhood economic and social conditions may contribute to increased risk of CVD among African American women. Policies directly addressing these issues may alleviate the burden of CVD in this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	00900036
DOI:	10.2105/AJPH.2016.303471