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Executive functions and social information processing in adolescents with severe behavior problems.

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Title: Executive functions and social information processing in adolescents with severe behavior problems.
Authors: Van Nieuwenhuijzen, M. (AUTHOR), Van Rest, M. M. (AUTHOR), Embregts, P. J. C. M. (AUTHOR), Vriens, A. (AUTHOR), Oostermeijer, S. (AUTHOR), Van Bokhoven, I. (AUTHOR), Matthys, W. (AUTHOR)
Source: Child Neuropsychology. Feb2017, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p228-241. 14p. 3 Charts.
Subjects: Executive function, Behavior disorders in adolescence, Delinquent behavior, Information processing, Cognitive ability, Neuropsychological tests
Abstract: One tradition in research for explaining aggression and antisocial behavior has focused on social information processing (SIP). Aggression and antisocial behavior have also been studied from the perspective of executive functions (EFs), the higher-order cognitive abilities that affect other cognitive processes, such as social cognitive processes. The main goal of the present study is to provide insight into the relation between EFs and SIP in adolescents with severe behavior problems. Because of the hierarchical relation between EFs and SIP, we examined EFs as predictors of SIP. We hypothesized that, first, focused attention predicts encoding and interpretation, second, inhibition predicts interpretation, response generation, evaluation, and selection, and third, working memory predicts response generation and selection. The participants consisted of 94 respondents living in residential facilities aged 12–20 years, all showing behavior problems in the clinical range according to care staff. EFs were assessed using subtests from the Amsterdam Neuropsychological Test battery. Focused attention was measured by the Flanker task, inhibition by the GoNoGo task, and working memory by the Visual Spatial Sequencing task. SIP was measured by video vignettes and a structured interview. The results indicate that positive evaluation of aggressive responses is predicted by impaired inhibition and selection of aggressive responses by a combination of impaired focused attention and inhibition. It is concluded that different components of EFs as higher-order cognitive abilities affect SIP. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Copyright of Child Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Executive functions and social information processing in adolescents with severe behavior problems.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Van+Nieuwenhuijzen%2C+M%2E%22">Van Nieuwenhuijzen, M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Van+Rest%2C+M%2E+M%2E%22">Van Rest, M. M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Embregts%2C+P%2E+J%2E+C%2E+M%2E%22">Embregts, P. J. C. M.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vriens%2C+A%2E%22">Vriens, A.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Oostermeijer%2C+S%2E%22">Oostermeijer, S.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Van+Bokhoven%2C+I%2E%22">Van Bokhoven, I.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Matthys%2C+W%2E%22">Matthys, W.</searchLink> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Child+Neuropsychology%22">Child Neuropsychology</searchLink>. Feb2017, Vol. 23 Issue 2, p228-241. 14p. 3 Charts.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Executive+function%22">Executive function</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Behavior+disorders+in+adolescence%22">Behavior disorders in adolescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Delinquent+behavior%22">Delinquent behavior</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Information+processing%22">Information processing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+ability%22">Cognitive ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Neuropsychological+tests%22">Neuropsychological tests</searchLink>
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  Data: One tradition in research for explaining aggression and antisocial behavior has focused on social information processing (SIP). Aggression and antisocial behavior have also been studied from the perspective of executive functions (EFs), the higher-order cognitive abilities that affect other cognitive processes, such as social cognitive processes. The main goal of the present study is to provide insight into the relation between EFs and SIP in adolescents with severe behavior problems. Because of the hierarchical relation between EFs and SIP, we examined EFs as predictors of SIP. We hypothesized that, first, focused attention predicts encoding and interpretation, second, inhibition predicts interpretation, response generation, evaluation, and selection, and third, working memory predicts response generation and selection. The participants consisted of 94 respondents living in residential facilities aged 12–20 years, all showing behavior problems in the clinical range according to care staff. EFs were assessed using subtests from the Amsterdam Neuropsychological Test battery. Focused attention was measured by the Flanker task, inhibition by the GoNoGo task, and working memory by the Visual Spatial Sequencing task. SIP was measured by video vignettes and a structured interview. The results indicate that positive evaluation of aggressive responses is predicted by impaired inhibition and selection of aggressive responses by a combination of impaired focused attention and inhibition. It is concluded that different components of EFs as higher-order cognitive abilities affect SIP. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Child Neuropsychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=120748858
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              Text: Feb2017
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