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Intranasal oxytocin increases facial expressivity, but not ratings of trustworthiness, in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.

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Title: Intranasal oxytocin increases facial expressivity, but not ratings of trustworthiness, in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.
Authors: Woolley, J. D., Chuang, B., Fussell, C., Scherer, S., Biagianti, B., Fulford, D., Mathalon, D. H., Vinogradov, S.
Source: Psychological Medicine. May2017, Vol. 47 Issue 7, p1311-1322. 12p.
Subjects: Oxytocin, Intranasal medication, Facial expression, Hypothalamic hormones, Questionnaires, Schizophrenia, Trust, Social learning theory, Therapeutics
Abstract: BackgroundBlunted facial affect is a common negative symptom of schizophrenia. Additionally, assessing the trustworthiness of faces is a social cognitive ability that is impaired in schizophrenia. Currently available pharmacological agents are ineffective at improving either of these symptoms, despite their clinical significance. The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin has multiple prosocial effects when administered intranasally to healthy individuals and shows promise in decreasing negative symptoms and enhancing social cognition in schizophrenia. Although two small studies have investigated oxytocin's effects on ratings of facial trustworthiness in schizophrenia, its effects on facial expressivity have not been investigated in any population.MethodWe investigated the effects of oxytocin on facial emotional expressivity while participants performed a facial trustworthiness rating task in 33 individuals with schizophrenia and 35 age-matched healthy controls using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design. Participants rated the trustworthiness of presented faces interspersed with emotionally evocative photographs while being video-recorded. Participants’ facial expressivity in these videos was quantified by blind raters using a well-validated manualized approach (i.e. the Facial Expression Coding System; FACES).ResultsWhile oxytocin administration did not affect ratings of facial trustworthiness, it significantly increased facial expressivity in individuals with schizophrenia (Z = −2.33, p = 0.02) and at trend level in healthy controls (Z = −1.87, p = 0.06).ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that oxytocin administration can increase facial expressivity in response to emotional stimuli and suggest that oxytocin may have the potential to serve as a treatment for blunted facial affect in schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Intranasal oxytocin increases facial expressivity, but not ratings of trustworthiness, in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Woolley%2C+J%2E+D%2E%22">Woolley, J. D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chuang%2C+B%2E%22">Chuang, B.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fussell%2C+C%2E%22">Fussell, C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Scherer%2C+S%2E%22">Scherer, S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Biagianti%2C+B%2E%22">Biagianti, B.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fulford%2C+D%2E%22">Fulford, D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mathalon%2C+D%2E+H%2E%22">Mathalon, D. H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vinogradov%2C+S%2E%22">Vinogradov, S.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Psychological+Medicine%22">Psychological Medicine</searchLink>. May2017, Vol. 47 Issue 7, p1311-1322. 12p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Oxytocin%22">Oxytocin</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Intranasal+medication%22">Intranasal medication</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Facial+expression%22">Facial expression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hypothalamic+hormones%22">Hypothalamic hormones</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Schizophrenia%22">Schizophrenia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Trust%22">Trust</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+learning+theory%22">Social learning theory</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Therapeutics%22">Therapeutics</searchLink>
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  Data: BackgroundBlunted facial affect is a common negative symptom of schizophrenia. Additionally, assessing the trustworthiness of faces is a social cognitive ability that is impaired in schizophrenia. Currently available pharmacological agents are ineffective at improving either of these symptoms, despite their clinical significance. The hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin has multiple prosocial effects when administered intranasally to healthy individuals and shows promise in decreasing negative symptoms and enhancing social cognition in schizophrenia. Although two small studies have investigated oxytocin's effects on ratings of facial trustworthiness in schizophrenia, its effects on facial expressivity have not been investigated in any population.MethodWe investigated the effects of oxytocin on facial emotional expressivity while participants performed a facial trustworthiness rating task in 33 individuals with schizophrenia and 35 age-matched healthy controls using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design. Participants rated the trustworthiness of presented faces interspersed with emotionally evocative photographs while being video-recorded. Participants’ facial expressivity in these videos was quantified by blind raters using a well-validated manualized approach (i.e. the Facial Expression Coding System; FACES).ResultsWhile oxytocin administration did not affect ratings of facial trustworthiness, it significantly increased facial expressivity in individuals with schizophrenia (Z = −2.33, p = 0.02) and at trend level in healthy controls (Z = −1.87, p = 0.06).ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that oxytocin administration can increase facial expressivity in response to emotional stimuli and suggest that oxytocin may have the potential to serve as a treatment for blunted facial affect in schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Psychological Medicine is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1017/S0033291716003433
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              Text: May2017
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