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Time-Pressure on Performance in a Base-Rate Task.

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Title: Time-Pressure on Performance in a Base-Rate Task.
Authors: Goodie, Adam S., Crooks, C. L.
Source: Journal of General Psychology. Jan2004, Vol. 131 Issue 1, p18-28. 11p. 2 Diagrams, 2 Graphs.
Subjects: Time pressure, Performance, Decision making, Probability learning, Psychological stress, Heuristic
Abstract: Researchers assume that time pressure impairs performance in decision tasks by invoking heuristic processes. In the present study, the authors inquired (a) whether it was possible in some cases for time pressure to improve performance or to alter it without impairing it, and (b) whether the heuristic invoked by base-rate neglect under direct experience can be identified. They used a probability-learning design in 2 experiments, and they measured the choice proportions after each of 2 possible cues in each experiment. In 1 comparison, time pressure increased predictions of the more likely outcome, which improved performance. In 2 comparisons, time pressure changed the choice proportions without affecting performance. In a 4th comparison, time pressure hindered performance. The choice proportions were consistent with heuristic processing that is based on cue matching rather than on cue accuracy, base rates, or posterior probabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of General Psychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Time-Pressure on Performance in a Base-Rate Task.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Goodie%2C+Adam+S%2E%22">Goodie, Adam S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Crooks%2C+C%2E+L%2E%22">Crooks, C. L.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Time+pressure%22">Time pressure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Performance%22">Performance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Decision+making%22">Decision making</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Probability+learning%22">Probability learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychological+stress%22">Psychological stress</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heuristic%22">Heuristic</searchLink>
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  Data: Researchers assume that time pressure impairs performance in decision tasks by invoking heuristic processes. In the present study, the authors inquired (a) whether it was possible in some cases for time pressure to improve performance or to alter it without impairing it, and (b) whether the heuristic invoked by base-rate neglect under direct experience can be identified. They used a probability-learning design in 2 experiments, and they measured the choice proportions after each of 2 possible cues in each experiment. In 1 comparison, time pressure increased predictions of the more likely outcome, which improved performance. In 2 comparisons, time pressure changed the choice proportions without affecting performance. In a 4th comparison, time pressure hindered performance. The choice proportions were consistent with heuristic processing that is based on cue matching rather than on cue accuracy, base rates, or posterior probabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of General Psychology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.3200/GENP.131.1.18-28
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Time pressure
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Performance
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      – SubjectFull: Decision making
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      – SubjectFull: Probability learning
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