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The Ventromedial Frontal Lobe Contributes to Forming Effective Solutions to Real-world Problems.

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Title: The Ventromedial Frontal Lobe Contributes to Forming Effective Solutions to Real-world Problems.
Authors: Peters, Sarah L., Fellows, Lesley K., Sheldon, Signy
Source: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2017, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p991-1001. 11p. 1 Chart, 4 Graphs.
Subjects: Hypothalamus, Frontal lobe, Cognitive ability, Problem solving, Medical care, Patients
Abstract: Although the ventromedial frontal lobe (VMF) has been implicated in several complex cognitive tasks such as decision-making and problem solving, the processes for which this region is critical remain unclear. Laboratory studies have largely focused on how the VMF contributes to decision-making when outcomes or options are provided, but in the real world generating appropriate options is likely a crucial and rate-limiting initial step. Here, we determined how VMF damage affected the option generation phase of naturalistic problem solving. A group of patients with VMF damage and two controls groups --age-matched healthy participants and patients with frontal damage sparing VMF--were asked to generate as many options as possible to five scenarios depicting open-ended, real-world problems (e.g., having lunch at a restaurant and forgetting your wallet at home). Both the number of options and the effectiveness of each option generated were examined. Damage to VMF led to a significant reduction in both the number of options produced across all problem-solving scenarios and the ability to generate effective options, most notably for scenarios that were social in nature. We discuss these findings in terms of the mechanisms by which the VMF may contribute to option generation, focusing on proposals suggesting this region is important for integrating subjective value and retrieving schematic representations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: The Ventromedial Frontal Lobe Contributes to Forming Effective Solutions to Real-world Problems.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Peters%2C+Sarah+L%2E%22">Peters, Sarah L.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fellows%2C+Lesley+K%2E%22">Fellows, Lesley K.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sheldon%2C+Signy%22">Sheldon, Signy</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Cognitive+Neuroscience%22">Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience</searchLink>. 2017, Vol. 29 Issue 6, p991-1001. 11p. 1 Chart, 4 Graphs.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hypothalamus%22">Hypothalamus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Frontal+lobe%22">Frontal lobe</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+ability%22">Cognitive ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Problem+solving%22">Problem solving</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+care%22">Medical care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Patients%22">Patients</searchLink>
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  Data: Although the ventromedial frontal lobe (VMF) has been implicated in several complex cognitive tasks such as decision-making and problem solving, the processes for which this region is critical remain unclear. Laboratory studies have largely focused on how the VMF contributes to decision-making when outcomes or options are provided, but in the real world generating appropriate options is likely a crucial and rate-limiting initial step. Here, we determined how VMF damage affected the option generation phase of naturalistic problem solving. A group of patients with VMF damage and two controls groups --age-matched healthy participants and patients with frontal damage sparing VMF--were asked to generate as many options as possible to five scenarios depicting open-ended, real-world problems (e.g., having lunch at a restaurant and forgetting your wallet at home). Both the number of options and the effectiveness of each option generated were examined. Damage to VMF led to a significant reduction in both the number of options produced across all problem-solving scenarios and the ability to generate effective options, most notably for scenarios that were social in nature. We discuss these findings in terms of the mechanisms by which the VMF may contribute to option generation, focusing on proposals suggesting this region is important for integrating subjective value and retrieving schematic representations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience is the property of MIT Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=122741413
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        Value: 10.1162/jocn_a_01088
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        Text: English
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        Type: general
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      – SubjectFull: Cognitive ability
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              Text: 2017
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