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Differential localization of PER1 and PER2 in the brain master circadian clock.

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Title: Differential localization of PER1 and PER2 in the brain master circadian clock.
Authors: Riddle, Malini, Mezias, Erica, Foley, Duncan, LeSauter, Joseph, Silver, Rae, Foxe, John
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience. Jun2017, Vol. 45 Issue 11, p1357-1367. 11p.
Subjects: Hypothalamus, Suprachiasmatic nucleus, Circadian rhythms, Clock genes, Fluorophores
Abstract: The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus ( SCN), locus of the master circadian clock, bears many neuronal types. At the cellular-molecular level, the clock is comprised of feedback loops involving 'clock' genes including Period1 and Period2, and their protein products, PERIOD1 and PERIOD2 ( PER1/2). In the canonical model of circadian oscillation, the PER1/2 proteins oscillate together. While their rhythmic expression in the SCN as a whole has been described, the possibility of regional differences remains unknown. To explore these clock proteins in distinct SCN regions, we assessed their expression through the rostro-caudal extent of the SCN in sagittal sections. We developed an automated method for tracking three fluorophores in digital images of sections triply labeled for PER1, PER2, and gastrin-releasing peptide (used to locate the core). In the SCN as a whole, neurons expressing high levels of PER2 were concentrated in the rostral, rostrodorsal, and caudal portions of the nucleus, and those expressing high levels of PER1 lay in a broad central area. Within these overall patterns, adjacent cells differed in expression levels of the two proteins. The results demonstrate spatially distinct localization of high PER1 vs. PER2 expression, raising the possibility that their distribution is functionally significant in encoding and communicating temporal information. The findings provoke the question of whether there are fundamental differences in PER1/2 levels among SCN neurons and/or whether topographical differences in protein expression are a product of SCN network organization rather than intrinsic differences among neurons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Differential localization of PER1 and PER2 in the brain master circadian clock.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Riddle%2C+Malini%22">Riddle, Malini</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mezias%2C+Erica%22">Mezias, Erica</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Foley%2C+Duncan%22">Foley, Duncan</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22LeSauter%2C+Joseph%22">LeSauter, Joseph</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Silver%2C+Rae%22">Silver, Rae</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Foxe%2C+John%22">Foxe, John</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Neuroscience%22">European Journal of Neuroscience</searchLink>. Jun2017, Vol. 45 Issue 11, p1357-1367. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hypothalamus%22">Hypothalamus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Suprachiasmatic+nucleus%22">Suprachiasmatic nucleus</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Circadian+rhythms%22">Circadian rhythms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Clock+genes%22">Clock genes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fluorophores%22">Fluorophores</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus ( SCN), locus of the master circadian clock, bears many neuronal types. At the cellular-molecular level, the clock is comprised of feedback loops involving 'clock' genes including Period1 and Period2, and their protein products, PERIOD1 and PERIOD2 ( PER1/2). In the canonical model of circadian oscillation, the PER1/2 proteins oscillate together. While their rhythmic expression in the SCN as a whole has been described, the possibility of regional differences remains unknown. To explore these clock proteins in distinct SCN regions, we assessed their expression through the rostro-caudal extent of the SCN in sagittal sections. We developed an automated method for tracking three fluorophores in digital images of sections triply labeled for PER1, PER2, and gastrin-releasing peptide (used to locate the core). In the SCN as a whole, neurons expressing high levels of PER2 were concentrated in the rostral, rostrodorsal, and caudal portions of the nucleus, and those expressing high levels of PER1 lay in a broad central area. Within these overall patterns, adjacent cells differed in expression levels of the two proteins. The results demonstrate spatially distinct localization of high PER1 vs. PER2 expression, raising the possibility that their distribution is functionally significant in encoding and communicating temporal information. The findings provoke the question of whether there are fundamental differences in PER1/2 levels among SCN neurons and/or whether topographical differences in protein expression are a product of SCN network organization rather than intrinsic differences among neurons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/ejn.13441
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        Text: English
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              Text: Jun2017
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