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Direct and indirect effects of attention and visual function on gait impairment in Parkinson's disease: influence of task and turning.

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Title: Direct and indirect effects of attention and visual function on gait impairment in Parkinson's disease: influence of task and turning.
Authors: Stuart, Samuel, Galna, Brook, Delicato, Louise S., Lord, Sue, Rochester, Lynn, Foxe, John
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience. Jul2017, Vol. 46 Issue 1, p1703-1716. 14p.
Subjects: Parkinson's disease, Disease risk factors, Gait disorders, Walking, Cognition disorders, Vision disorders
Abstract: Gait impairment is a core feature of Parkinson's disease ( PD) which has been linked to cognitive and visual deficits, but interactions between these features are poorly understood. Monitoring saccades allows investigation of real-time cognitive and visual processes and their impact on gait when walking. This study explored: (i) saccade frequency when walking under different attentional manipulations of turning and dual-task; and (ii) direct and indirect relationships between saccades, gait impairment, vision and attention. Saccade frequency (number of fast eye movements per-second) was measured during gait in 60 PD and 40 age-matched control participants using a mobile eye-tracker. Saccade frequency was significantly reduced in PD compared to controls during all conditions. However, saccade frequency increased with a turn and decreased under dual-task for both groups. Poorer attention directly related to saccade frequency, visual function and gait impairment in PD, but not controls. Saccade frequency did not directly relate to gait in PD, but did in controls. Instead, saccade frequency and visual function deficit indirectly impacted gait impairment in PD, which was underpinned by their relationship with attention. In conclusion, our results suggest a vital role for attention with direct and indirect influences on gait impairment in PD. Attention directly impacted saccade frequency, visual function and gait impairment in PD, with connotations for falls. It also underpinned indirect impact of visual and saccadic impairment on gait. Attention therefore represents a key therapeutic target that should be considered in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Direct and indirect effects of attention and visual function on gait impairment in Parkinson's disease: influence of task and turning.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stuart%2C+Samuel%22">Stuart, Samuel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Galna%2C+Brook%22">Galna, Brook</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Delicato%2C+Louise+S%2E%22">Delicato, Louise S.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lord%2C+Sue%22">Lord, Sue</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rochester%2C+Lynn%22">Rochester, Lynn</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Foxe%2C+John%22">Foxe, John</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Neuroscience%22">European Journal of Neuroscience</searchLink>. Jul2017, Vol. 46 Issue 1, p1703-1716. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parkinson's+disease%22">Parkinson's disease</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Disease+risk+factors%22">Disease risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gait+disorders%22">Gait disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Walking%22">Walking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition+disorders%22">Cognition disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Vision+disorders%22">Vision disorders</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Gait impairment is a core feature of Parkinson's disease ( PD) which has been linked to cognitive and visual deficits, but interactions between these features are poorly understood. Monitoring saccades allows investigation of real-time cognitive and visual processes and their impact on gait when walking. This study explored: (i) saccade frequency when walking under different attentional manipulations of turning and dual-task; and (ii) direct and indirect relationships between saccades, gait impairment, vision and attention. Saccade frequency (number of fast eye movements per-second) was measured during gait in 60 PD and 40 age-matched control participants using a mobile eye-tracker. Saccade frequency was significantly reduced in PD compared to controls during all conditions. However, saccade frequency increased with a turn and decreased under dual-task for both groups. Poorer attention directly related to saccade frequency, visual function and gait impairment in PD, but not controls. Saccade frequency did not directly relate to gait in PD, but did in controls. Instead, saccade frequency and visual function deficit indirectly impacted gait impairment in PD, which was underpinned by their relationship with attention. In conclusion, our results suggest a vital role for attention with direct and indirect influences on gait impairment in PD. Attention directly impacted saccade frequency, visual function and gait impairment in PD, with connotations for falls. It also underpinned indirect impact of visual and saccadic impairment on gait. Attention therefore represents a key therapeutic target that should be considered in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
PLink https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=pbh&AN=123909617
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              Text: Jul2017
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