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Sleep-disordered breathing and cognitive functioning in preschool children with and without Down syndrome.

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Title: Sleep-disordered breathing and cognitive functioning in preschool children with and without Down syndrome.
Authors: Joyce, A., Dimitriou, D.
Source: Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. Aug2017, Vol. 61 Issue 8, p778-791. 14p. 13 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: People with Down syndrome, Sleep apnea syndromes in children, Cognitive ability, Cognition disorders in children, Sleep disorders in children, MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories, Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire, Mullen Scales of Early Learning, Children
Abstract: Background Sleep affects children's cognitive development, preparedness for school and future academic outcomes. People with Down syndrome (DS) are particularly at risk for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). To our knowledge, the association between SDB and cognition in preschoolers with DS is unknown. Methods We assessed sleep by using cardiorespiratory polygraphy in 22 typically developing (TD) preschoolers and 22 with DS. Cognition was assessed by using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and behaviour by using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory (MCDI) measured language level. We predicted that sleep problems would be associated with lower cognitive and behavioural functioning. Results In TD children, longer sleep duration was associated with higher scores on MCDI expressive language and fewer emotional symptoms such as fear and unhappiness on the SDQ, whilst SDB was associated with increased conduct problems and less prosocial behaviour on the SDQ. Conversely, for children with DS, SDB was associated with increased language understanding and use of actions and gestures on the MCDI. Conclusions The findings in the TD group support our hypotheses. We recommend that sleep problems are screened for and treated as even mild SDB may prompt poorer cognition and behaviour. For children with DS, we expect that multiple factors in this complex syndrome mask or mediate the association between sleep and cognitive development and tighter controls are necessary to uncover effects of sleep. We propose longitudinal studies as a necessary tool to assess the precise impact of sleep on cognitive development in accounting for individual differences in DS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Intellectual Disability Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Sleep-disordered breathing and cognitive functioning in preschool children with and without Down syndrome.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Joyce%2C+A%2E%22">Joyce, A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dimitriou%2C+D%2E%22">Dimitriou, D.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Intellectual+Disability+Research%22">Journal of Intellectual Disability Research</searchLink>. Aug2017, Vol. 61 Issue 8, p778-791. 14p. 13 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22People+with+Down+syndrome%22">People with Down syndrome</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sleep+apnea+syndromes+in+children%22">Sleep apnea syndromes in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognitive+ability%22">Cognitive ability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cognition+disorders+in+children%22">Cognition disorders in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sleep+disorders+in+children%22">Sleep disorders in children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MacArthur+Communicative+Development+Inventories%22">MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Strengths+%26+Difficulties+Questionnaire%22">Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mullen+Scales+of+Early+Learning%22">Mullen Scales of Early Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Children%22">Children</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Background Sleep affects children's cognitive development, preparedness for school and future academic outcomes. People with Down syndrome (DS) are particularly at risk for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). To our knowledge, the association between SDB and cognition in preschoolers with DS is unknown. Methods We assessed sleep by using cardiorespiratory polygraphy in 22 typically developing (TD) preschoolers and 22 with DS. Cognition was assessed by using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and behaviour by using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory (MCDI) measured language level. We predicted that sleep problems would be associated with lower cognitive and behavioural functioning. Results In TD children, longer sleep duration was associated with higher scores on MCDI expressive language and fewer emotional symptoms such as fear and unhappiness on the SDQ, whilst SDB was associated with increased conduct problems and less prosocial behaviour on the SDQ. Conversely, for children with DS, SDB was associated with increased language understanding and use of actions and gestures on the MCDI. Conclusions The findings in the TD group support our hypotheses. We recommend that sleep problems are screened for and treated as even mild SDB may prompt poorer cognition and behaviour. For children with DS, we expect that multiple factors in this complex syndrome mask or mediate the association between sleep and cognitive development and tighter controls are necessary to uncover effects of sleep. We propose longitudinal studies as a necessary tool to assess the precise impact of sleep on cognitive development in accounting for individual differences in DS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Intellectual Disability Research is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/jir.12387
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: People with Down syndrome
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Sleep apnea syndromes in children
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      – SubjectFull: Cognitive ability
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      – SubjectFull: Cognition disorders in children
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      – SubjectFull: Sleep disorders in children
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      – SubjectFull: MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories
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      – SubjectFull: Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire
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      – SubjectFull: Mullen Scales of Early Learning
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      – SubjectFull: Children
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      – TitleFull: Sleep-disordered breathing and cognitive functioning in preschool children with and without Down syndrome.
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              Text: Aug2017
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              Y: 2017
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