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Short‐term and long‐term measures of cortisol in saliva and hair in atypical and non‐atypical depression.

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Title: Short‐term and long‐term measures of cortisol in saliva and hair in atypical and non‐atypical depression.
Authors: Herane‐Vives, A., de Angel, V., Papadopoulos, A., Wise, T., Chua, K.‐C., Strawbridge, R., Castillo, D., Arnone, D., Young, A. H., Cleare, A. J.
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Mar2018, Vol. 137 Issue 3, p216-230. 15p. 4 Charts, 1 Graph.
Subjects: Mental depression, Hydrocortisone, Somatoform disorders, Symptoms, Saliva
Abstract: Background: Atypical depression may show lowered rather than raised short‐term cortisol levels. Atypical major depressive episodes (A‐MDE) may also be more closely linked to environmental factors and show overlap with somatic symptom disorders. Hair specimens allow measuring long‐term cortisol levels. Methods: Twenty‐seven A‐MDE and 44 NA‐MDE patients and 40 matched controls were tested. Measures of hair cortisol concentration [HCC] covering the previous 3 months and short‐term cortisol parameters (six saliva specimens to assess the cortisol awakening response [CAR] and total daily cortisol output calculated as the area under the curve [AUCg]) were taken alongside measures of environmental factors and clinical variables. Results: There were no differences in HCC between the three groups (P = 0.8), and no difference in the CAR (P = 0.95). However, A‐MDE showed lowered short‐term cortisol output (AUCg) compared to controls (P = 0.04). A‐MDE patients also reported a higher number of daily hassles, and higher levels of fatigue and impaired concentration than NA‐MDE. Conclusions: Normal long‐term (HCC) and reduced short‐term (AUCg) cortisol levels in A‐MDE could suggest a disrupted long‐term cortisol rhythm, perhaps affected by environmental factors or by certain symptoms, such as mid‐nocturnal insomnia. However, other underlying explanations for these findings should also be investigated in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Short‐term and long‐term measures of cortisol in saliva and hair in atypical and non‐atypical depression.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Herane‐Vives%2C+A%2E%22">Herane‐Vives, A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22de+Angel%2C+V%2E%22">de Angel, V.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Papadopoulos%2C+A%2E%22">Papadopoulos, A.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Wise%2C+T%2E%22">Wise, T.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Chua%2C+K%2E‐C%2E%22">Chua, K.‐C.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Strawbridge%2C+R%2E%22">Strawbridge, R.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Castillo%2C+D%2E%22">Castillo, D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Arnone%2C+D%2E%22">Arnone, D.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Young%2C+A%2E+H%2E%22">Young, A. H.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cleare%2C+A%2E+J%2E%22">Cleare, A. J.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Acta+Psychiatrica+Scandinavica%22">Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica</searchLink>. Mar2018, Vol. 137 Issue 3, p216-230. 15p. 4 Charts, 1 Graph.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression%22">Mental depression</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Hydrocortisone%22">Hydrocortisone</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Somatoform+disorders%22">Somatoform disorders</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Symptoms%22">Symptoms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Saliva%22">Saliva</searchLink>
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  Data: Background: Atypical depression may show lowered rather than raised short‐term cortisol levels. Atypical major depressive episodes (A‐MDE) may also be more closely linked to environmental factors and show overlap with somatic symptom disorders. Hair specimens allow measuring long‐term cortisol levels. Methods: Twenty‐seven A‐MDE and 44 NA‐MDE patients and 40 matched controls were tested. Measures of hair cortisol concentration [HCC] covering the previous 3 months and short‐term cortisol parameters (six saliva specimens to assess the cortisol awakening response [CAR] and total daily cortisol output calculated as the area under the curve [AUCg]) were taken alongside measures of environmental factors and clinical variables. Results: There were no differences in HCC between the three groups (<italic>P</italic> = 0.8), and no difference in the CAR (<italic>P</italic> = 0.95). However, A‐MDE showed lowered short‐term cortisol output (AUCg) compared to controls (<italic>P</italic> = 0.04). A‐MDE patients also reported a higher number of daily hassles, and higher levels of fatigue and impaired concentration than NA‐MDE. Conclusions: Normal long‐term (HCC) and reduced short‐term (AUCg) cortisol levels in A‐MDE could suggest a disrupted long‐term cortisol rhythm, perhaps affected by environmental factors or by certain symptoms, such as mid‐nocturnal insomnia. However, other underlying explanations for these findings should also be investigated in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 15
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      – SubjectFull: Mental depression
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Hydrocortisone
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      – SubjectFull: Symptoms
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      – SubjectFull: Saliva
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