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Neuronal oscillations: unavoidable and useful?

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Title: Neuronal oscillations: unavoidable and useful?
Authors: Singer, Wolf
Source: European Journal of Neuroscience. Oct2018, Vol. 48 Issue 7, p2389-2398. 10p. 1 Illustration, 2 Diagrams.
Subjects: Neural circuitry, Oscillations, Cerebral cortex, Biological neural networks, Neurosciences
Abstract: Neuronal systems have a high propensity to engage in oscillatory activity because both the properties of individual neurons and canonical circuit motifs favour rhythmic activity. In addition, coupled oscillators can engage in a large variety of dynamical regimes, ranging from synchronization with different phase offsets to chaotic behaviour. Which regime prevails depends on differences between preferred oscillation frequencies, coupling strength and coupling delays. The ability of delay coupled oscillator networks to generate a rich repertoire of temporally structured activation sequences is exploited by central pattern generator networks for the control of movements. However, it is less clear whether temporal patterning of neuronal discharges also plays a role in cognitive processes. Here, it will be argued that the temporal patterning of neuronal discharges emerging from delay coupled oscillator networks plays a pivotal role in all instances in which selective relations have to be established between the responses of distributed assemblies of neurons. Examples are the dynamic formation of functional networks, the selective routing of activity in densely interconnected networks, the attention‐dependent selection of sensory signals, the fast and context‐dependent binding of responses for further joint processing in pattern recognition and the formation of associations by learning. Special consideration is given to arguments that challenge a functional role of oscillations and synchrony in cognition because of the volatile nature of these phenomena and recent evidence will be reviewed suggesting that this volatility is functionally advantageous. This review discusses the functional role of neuronal oscillations and synchrony. The cerebral cortex is considered as a delay coupled recurrent network whose nodes consist of feature selective oscillatory microcircuits. It is concluded that the emerging dynamics endow neuronal responses with the temporal structure required for the definition of semantic relations in the context of feature binding, the formation of functional networks and the establishment of engrams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Neuronal oscillations: unavoidable and useful?
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22European+Journal+of+Neuroscience%22">European Journal of Neuroscience</searchLink>. Oct2018, Vol. 48 Issue 7, p2389-2398. 10p. 1 Illustration, 2 Diagrams.
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  Data: Neuronal systems have a high propensity to engage in oscillatory activity because both the properties of individual neurons and canonical circuit motifs favour rhythmic activity. In addition, coupled oscillators can engage in a large variety of dynamical regimes, ranging from synchronization with different phase offsets to chaotic behaviour. Which regime prevails depends on differences between preferred oscillation frequencies, coupling strength and coupling delays. The ability of delay coupled oscillator networks to generate a rich repertoire of temporally structured activation sequences is exploited by central pattern generator networks for the control of movements. However, it is less clear whether temporal patterning of neuronal discharges also plays a role in cognitive processes. Here, it will be argued that the temporal patterning of neuronal discharges emerging from delay coupled oscillator networks plays a pivotal role in all instances in which selective relations have to be established between the responses of distributed assemblies of neurons. Examples are the dynamic formation of functional networks, the selective routing of activity in densely interconnected networks, the attention‐dependent selection of sensory signals, the fast and context‐dependent binding of responses for further joint processing in pattern recognition and the formation of associations by learning. Special consideration is given to arguments that challenge a functional role of oscillations and synchrony in cognition because of the volatile nature of these phenomena and recent evidence will be reviewed suggesting that this volatility is functionally advantageous. This review discusses the functional role of neuronal oscillations and synchrony. The cerebral cortex is considered as a delay coupled recurrent network whose nodes consist of feature selective oscillatory microcircuits. It is concluded that the emerging dynamics endow neuronal responses with the temporal structure required for the definition of semantic relations in the context of feature binding, the formation of functional networks and the establishment of engrams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of European Journal of Neuroscience is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/ejn.13796
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Cerebral cortex
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              Text: Oct2018
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