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Does the Geriatric Depression Scale measure depression in Parkinson's disease?

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Title: Does the Geriatric Depression Scale measure depression in Parkinson's disease?
Authors: Lopez, Francesca V., Split, Molly, Filoteo, J. Vincent, Litvan, Irene, Moore, Raeanne C., Pirogovsky‐Turk, Eva, Liu, Lin, Lessig, Stephanie, Schiehser, Dawn M., Pirogovsky-Turk, Eva
Source: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. Dec2018, Vol. 33 Issue 12, p1662-1670. 9p. 6 Charts.
Subjects: Parkinson's disease, Geriatric Depression Scale, Multiple correspondence analysis (Statistics), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Symptoms
Abstract: The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is recommended for screening depression in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Empirical evidence, however, is limited regarding its validity and factor structure in PD. Thus, the current study sought to evaluate the convergent and divergent validity of the GDS, as well as the structure and validity of the derived factors.Method: Nondemented individuals with PD (n = 158) completed the GDS-30, and items were subjected to a principle component analysis. Geriatric Depression Scale total and factor scores were correlated with depression items from the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRSd) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMDd), as well as with the Apathy Scale (AS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), Parkinson's disease Sleep Scale, and a Subjective Cognitive Function composite score.Results: The GDS total score was strongly correlated with divergent neuropsychiatric measures (AS, r = 0.57; STAI, r = 0.66; MFIS, r = 0.60), while only moderately correlated with convergent measures (MDS-UPDRSd, r = 0.36; HAMDd, r = 0.32; Ps < 0.05). Linear regression analyses revealed standardized measures of anxiety, apathy, and fatigue independently predicted the GDS total score, while depression items (MDS-UPDRSd and HAMDd) failed to reach significance. Three independent factors were identified: Anxiety, Apathy, and Fatigue. These factors were significantly predicted by their respective convergent measures.Conclusions: Taken together, our findings suggest that the GDS and its subscales appear to primarily measure anxiety, apathy, and fatigue in PD, or alternatively, these symptom dimensions may be predominant in PD-depression. Future research with clinically diagnosed samples is needed to confirm these initial findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
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  Data: Does the Geriatric Depression Scale measure depression in Parkinson&#39;s disease?
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Lopez%2C+Francesca+V%2E%22&quot;&gt;Lopez, Francesca V.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Split%2C+Molly%22&quot;&gt;Split, Molly&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Filoteo%2C+J%2E+Vincent%22&quot;&gt;Filoteo, J. Vincent&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Litvan%2C+Irene%22&quot;&gt;Litvan, Irene&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Moore%2C+Raeanne+C%2E%22&quot;&gt;Moore, Raeanne C.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Pirogovsky‐Turk%2C+Eva%22&quot;&gt;Pirogovsky‐Turk, Eva&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Liu%2C+Lin%22&quot;&gt;Liu, Lin&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Lessig%2C+Stephanie%22&quot;&gt;Lessig, Stephanie&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Schiehser%2C+Dawn+M%2E%22&quot;&gt;Schiehser, Dawn M.&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Pirogovsky-Turk%2C+Eva%22&quot;&gt;Pirogovsky-Turk, Eva&lt;/searchLink&gt;
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;JN&quot; term=&quot;%22International+Journal+of+Geriatric+Psychiatry%22&quot;&gt;International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry&lt;/searchLink&gt;. Dec2018, Vol. 33 Issue 12, p1662-1670. 9p. 6 Charts.
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Parkinson&#39;s+disease%22&quot;&gt;Parkinson&#39;s disease&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Geriatric+Depression+Scale%22&quot;&gt;Geriatric Depression Scale&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Multiple+correspondence+analysis+%28Statistics%29%22&quot;&gt;Multiple correspondence analysis (Statistics)&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22State-Trait+Anxiety+Inventory%22&quot;&gt;State-Trait Anxiety Inventory&lt;/searchLink&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;DE&quot; term=&quot;%22Symptoms%22&quot;&gt;Symptoms&lt;/searchLink&gt;
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  Data: The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is recommended for screening depression in individuals with Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD). Empirical evidence, however, is limited regarding its validity and factor structure in PD. Thus, the current study sought to evaluate the convergent and divergent validity of the GDS, as well as the structure and validity of the derived factors.&lt;bold&gt;Method: &lt;/bold&gt;Nondemented individuals with PD (n&#160;=&#160;158) completed the GDS-30, and items were subjected to a principle component analysis. Geriatric Depression Scale total and factor scores were correlated with depression items from the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson&#39;s disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRSd) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMDd), as well as with the Apathy Scale (AS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), Parkinson&#39;s disease Sleep Scale, and a Subjective Cognitive Function composite score.&lt;bold&gt;Results: &lt;/bold&gt;The GDS total score was strongly correlated with divergent neuropsychiatric measures (AS, r&#160;=&#160;0.57; STAI, r&#160;=&#160;0.66; MFIS, r&#160;=&#160;0.60), while only moderately correlated with convergent measures (MDS-UPDRSd, r&#160;=&#160;0.36; HAMDd, r&#160;=&#160;0.32; Ps&#160;&lt;&#160;0.05). Linear regression analyses revealed standardized measures of anxiety, apathy, and fatigue independently predicted the GDS total score, while depression items (MDS-UPDRSd and HAMDd) failed to reach significance. Three independent factors were identified: Anxiety, Apathy, and Fatigue. These factors were significantly predicted by their respective convergent measures.&lt;bold&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/bold&gt;Taken together, our findings suggest that the GDS and its subscales appear to primarily measure anxiety, apathy, and fatigue in PD, or alternatively, these symptom dimensions may be predominant in PD-depression. Future research with clinically diagnosed samples is needed to confirm these initial findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: &lt;i&gt;Copyright of International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder&#39;s express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.&lt;/i&gt; (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1002/gps.4970
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        Text: English
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        PageCount: 9
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    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Parkinson's disease
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Geriatric Depression Scale
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Multiple correspondence analysis (Statistics)
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      – SubjectFull: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
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      – SubjectFull: Symptoms
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      – TitleFull: Does the Geriatric Depression Scale measure depression in Parkinson's disease?
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              M: 12
              Text: Dec2018
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              Y: 2018
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